فكسا سكيريم الخيارات

سكيريم خيارات الفيديو فكسا.

هذا شيء واحد فقط يستنزف الموارد التي ليست في حاجة حقا. عكس Y يحدد ما إذا كان الماوس مقلوب على حركة ص صعودا وهبوطا الحركة. حيث ترى بكسل التي تخلق حافة اصطناعية، فإنه ينعم لهم. و "علة" البصرية مع الأبراج المحصنة تبحث مشرق وضوء النهار كما تم تصحيحها. كنت دفعت إلى ركبتيك، رأسك يستريح على الخشب البارد، والفأس من الجلاد يعكس تألق الشمس لأنها رفعت أعلى من رأسك. في حالة استخدام ركرن، يوجد إصدار توافق يجب استخدامه بدلا من ذلك.

فيديو حسب الموضوع:

ما هيك مسا، فكسا، سما، و تكسا؟!

8 أفكار حول & لدكو؛ سكيريم خيارات الفيديو فكسا & رديقو؛

خطوط الاتجاه هي واحدة من الأدوات الأكثر قيمة وفعالة لمتاجر الخيارات الثنائية.

أفضل البورصة العالمية لتداول الأسهم عبر الإنترنت.

نقدم لكم كل ما تحتاجه للبدء.

معرفة ما هي قيمة سيارتك.

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بيتيكسلورر يوفر جداول كرة القدم والنتائج واحصائيات للصين وعشرات من البطولات الكبرى الأخرى.

دليل: سكيريم قاذفة.

خيارات سكيريم قاذفة.

يتم تحديد مجموعة أولية من إعدادات الرسم عندما يتم تشغيل سكيريم لأول مرة. الإعدادات الموصى بها من قبل قاذفة (منخفضة، متوسطة، عالية، أو فائقة) وعادة ما تكون محافظة إلى حد ما، والعديد من النظم يمكن استخدام إعدادات أعلى جودة من تلك الموصى بها من قبل قاذفة. لنظام الأجهزة الموصى بها وحتى بعض مع فرام 1Gb، يمكن اختيار إعدادات فائقة في البداية وبعد ذلك يمكن ضبط بعض إعدادات الجودة الفردية إلى خفض القيم إذا لزم الأمر. بالنسبة إلى الأنظمة الأقل من النظام الموصى به (كما هو موضح في دليل ستيب)، فكر في استخدام التكوين الموصى به أو خطوة واحدة أعلى كخط أساسي قبل الاستمرار في القرص الموضح أدناه. ويفترض ما يلي "النظام الموصى به".

إطلاق سكيريم من البخار، وإذا تم عرض القائمة، انقر فوق>. سيقوم هذا بإنشاء تكوينات ملف إيني وفقا للأجهزة المكتشفة. كما سيتم إنشاء إدخالات التسجيل اللازمة للمرافق والتطبيقات المستخدمة المصب. سوف يعرض قاذفة رسالة مفادها أن "سكيريم سيكتشف الآن أجهزة الفيديو الخاصة بك ويحدد خيارات الفيديو وفقا لذلك"، وعند الانتهاء من عرض رسالة "تم تعيين إعدادات الفيديو ل & لوت؛ منخفضة، متوسطة، عالية، أو فائقة & غ؛ الجودة. تحقق من دقة الشاشة (استخدم الحد الأقصى الذي تدعمه الشاشة، ولكن يمكن خفض ذلك لاحقا لزيادة الأداء). تحت أنتيالياسينغ، حدد [4 عينات]، والفرق بين 4 عينات و 8 عينات هو دقيق جدا ولا يستحق خسارة الأداء. المنسدلة إلى 2 عينات كملاذ أخير لتحسين الأداء. تحت تصفية متباين الخواص، حدد [16 سامبلز] (استخدم 8 عينات للحصول على مكاسب أداء طفيفة جدا). انقر فوق الزر [متقدم] وتأكد من أن [فكسا] يتم فحصه من قبل الأمم المتحدة. فكسا يقلل من تأثير تصفية متباين الخواص وكذلك التفاصيل الملمس العام. بل هو تحسن أداء كبير على آ، ولكن يأتي مع تكلفة الجودة. لمزيد من المعلومات حول فكسا، ومعرفة ما إذا كان ذلك مناسبا لك، راجع هذه المشاركة. لاحظ أن سما هو بديل ممتاز ل فكسا. تعيين جميع السرد إلى إما 'عالية' أو 'الترا' (النظر في إعدادات أقل في وقت لاحق لزيادة الأداء). حدد جميع المربعات أسفل "المياه" (يمكنك إلغاء تحديدها لاحقا لزيادة الأداء). ضمن علامة التبويب "عرض المسافة"، تأكد من أن [تلاشي التفاصيل الكائن] يتم فحصه من قبل الأمم المتحدة وضبط العشب إلى الحد الأقصى مع جميع الإعدادات الأخرى تقريبا نصف الحد الأقصى. الخروج وانقر [تشغيل] من سكيريم قاذفة. هذا سيخلق ملفات التكوين الضرورية، وإعدادات التسجيل المطلوبة من قبل التطبيقات المصب (على عكس الاعتقاد الشائع، يتم إنشاء ملفات إيني على الفور، واللعبة لا تحتاج إلى إطلاق).

مخطوطات الشيخ الخامس: سكيريم قرص دليل.

التحسين العام.

نشرت: 6 ديسمبر 2018. تحديث: فبراير 7th، 2018. لعبة الإصدار المستخدمة: 1.4.

مخطوطات الشيخ الخامس: سكيريم هو العنوان الخامس في ملحمة دور مخطوطات دور تلعب سلسلة اللعبة. سكيريم يقدم واسعة، عالم الخيال مفصل التي يمكنك استكشاف في وقت فراغك. كما هو الحال مع غيرها من الألعاب في هذه السلسلة، سكيريم يسمح لك لاختيار كيفية الاقتراب من اللعبة. كن محارب، ماجي، لص - أو مزيج من كل ثلاثة. أن تكون جيدة، والشر، أو شيء في ما بين؛ تجاهل السعي الرئيسي ومجرد الخروج في اتجاه عشوائي تبحث عن الكنز. كل هذه الاحتمالات وغيرها الكثير متاحة لك، لأن سكيريم هو حول مفتوحة كما لعبة كمبيوتر يمكن أن يكون.

عندما المطور اللعبة، بيثيسدا لعبة استوديوهات، ويقول أن هناك حرفيا مئات الساعات من المحتوى، فإنه ليس من قبيل المبالغة. طول هذه اللعبة يعتمد على كيف فقط كيف فضولي والمغامرة كنت الشعور. من حيث الرسومات، والعالم ومواطنيها تبدو أكثر حيوية وأكثر واقعية من أي وقت مضى. حزمة كاملة هو توج قبالة مع الموسيقى التصويرية الجميلة، من قبل الملحن نفسه من الموسيقى في مورويند و أوبليفيون، الذي يضيف فقط إلى ثراء لعبة المعلقة.

والهدف من هذا الدليل هو السماح لك لفهم أفضل والاستفادة من جميع خيارات التكوين المتاحة في سكيريم، فضلا عن مجموعة مختارة من القرص المتقدمة لتعزيز اللعبة.

قبل المضي قدما، تأكد من استيفاء الحد الأدنى من متطلبات اللعبة كما هو موضح أدناه، مع المتطلبات الموصى بها بين قوسين:

المعالج: 2 غيغاهيرتز ثنائي النواة وحدة المعالجة المركزية (رباعية النواة وحدة المعالجة المركزية) الذاكرة: 2GB (4GB) رام القرص الصلب: على الأقل 6GB من المساحة الحرة بطاقة الفيديو: ديريكتكس 9 متوافق (غيفورسي غكس 550 تي أو غيفورسي غكس 260، أو أعلى) بطاقة الصوت: ديريكتكس الوصول إلى الإنترنت المتوافقة المطلوبة لنظام التشغيل البخار: ويندوز زب، ويندوز فيستا أو 7.

وفيما يلي وصف كامل لجميع الإعدادات المتوفرة في قوائم الخيارات سكيريم. يتم توفير مقارنات شاشة عند الاقتضاء لتسليط الضوء على التأثير على جودة الصورة لكل إعداد. يتم توفير معلومات الأداء أيضا لكل الإعداد، على الرغم من أن نضع في اعتبارنا أن تأثير دقيق على النظام الخاص بك يعتمد على تركيبة الأجهزة الخاصة بك محددة ولعبة أخرى وإعدادات على نطاق النظام الخاص بك. والهدف هنا هو أن نقدم لك ما يكفي من المعلومات حتى تتمكن من اتخاذ خيار مستنير بشأن الإعدادات التي تمكن أو تعطيل للحصول على توازن الجودة البصرية والأداء مقبولة لك.

تحسين النظام العام.

تقريبا أهمية أي إعداد في اللعبة هو الطريقة التي تم تكوين تثبيت ويندوز الخاص بك. وهناك العديد من المشاكل وقضايا الأداء العديدة، وخاصة التأتأة، تعطل والتباطؤ، يمكن أن تعزى مباشرة إلى إعدادات دون الأمثل في ويندوز وبرامج تشغيل قديمة أو سيئة التكوين. نلقي نظرة على موقعنا على دليل الألعاب مستقرة للحصول على نصائح حول كيفية الحصول على جهاز الكمبيوتر الخاص بك في أفضل شكل. على الأقل تأكد من تحديث برامج تشغيل الرسومات إلى أحدث إصدار متاح.

مقياس الاداء.

لإجراء أي تعديل للتبديل بنجاح، سوف تحتاج إلى بعض طريقة لقياس موضوعي أدائك في إطارات في الثانية (فبس). أسهل طريقة للقيام بذلك هي استخدام الأداة المساعدة فرابس الحرة. تحميل وتركيب وإطلاق فرابس قبل بدء سكيريم. سترى الآن عداد فبس الأصفر المعروض في زاوية الشاشة. إيلاء الاهتمام ل فبس الخاص بك خلال المباراة، وخاصة خلال مشاهد مكثفة بيانيا، كما هو الحال في القتال الثقيلة أو في مناطق كبيرة في الهواء الطلق، وخاصة حول المدن. إذا انخفض فبس الخاص بك إلى ضعف مزدوجة أو أحادية الأرقام على سبيل المثال، وهذا هو مؤشر جيد أن تحتاج إلى ضبط إعدادات مختلفة حتى الحد الأدنى من فبس الخاص بك هو باستمرار فوق 25 فبس من أجل الحفاظ على الاستجابة المناسبة.

لاحظ أنه في سكيريم يتم تمكين شكل من المزامنة العمودية (فسينك) بشكل افتراضي، ولا يمكن تعطيل باستخدام إعدادات في اللعبة. وهذا يعني أنه سيتم وضع إطار فراميرات على معدل التحديث الخاص بك (عادة 60 فبس)، وقد تواجه أيضا تأخر الماوس. يتم تغطية العديد من البدائل للتعامل مع هذا الشكل من فسينك في قسم التغيير والتبديل المتقدم في الدليل.

الاعدادات العامة.

قبل أن تغطي مختلف الإعدادات المتعلقة بالرسومات والتي لها التأثير الأكبر على الأداء وجودة الصورة، يفحص هذا القسم الإعدادات الأخرى. للوصول إلى إعدادات في اللعبة، وإطلاق سكيريم وتحميل ما يصل لعبة حفظها، أو بدء لعبة جديدة. ثم اضغط على المفتاح إيسك وحدد عنصر الإعدادات.

يتم تغطية الخيارات المتعلقة بالرسومات في وقت لاحق في الدليل، في الوقت الراهن ونحن ننظر إلى إعدادات اللعب، العرض والصوت. الإعدادات أدناه ليس لها تأثير كبير على الأداء.

عكس Y: إذا تم تحديد هذا الخيار (يظهر الصليب في المربع)، ثم يؤدي تحريك الماوس إلى الأمام في الطابع الخاص بك ينظر إلى أسفل، وسوف تتحرك الماوس مرة أخرى جعل الطابع الخاص بك تبدو. إذا كان هذا الخيار غير محدد، يتم عكس الترتيب.

نظرة الحساسية: هذا شريط التمرير يحدد مستوى استجابة الماوس لتحركاتك. وكلما ارتفع شريط التمرير، فإن أكثر استجابة الماوس يشعر. ضع في اعتبارك أنه إذا شعرت حركات الفأر بحركة لاغي حتى بعد رفع شريط التمرير، يجب التحقق من فراميراتي. إذا انخفض إطار الإطارات الخاص بك أقل من حوالي 20-25 فبس في أي وقت، سوف تحتاج إلى ضبط الإعدادات الخاصة بك لتحسين فبس، وبالتالي الحفاظ على شعور الماوس استجابة بشكل مناسب. هناك العديد من الإعدادات التي يمكن أن تساعد في تخفيف الفأر الماوس في قسم التغيير والتبديل المتقدمة في وقت لاحق في هذا الدليل.

الاهتزاز: إذا كان لديك وحدة تحكم قادرة على الاهتزاز وأنها تستخدم في سكيريم، ثم يمكنك وضع علامة في هذا المربع لتمكين وظيفة الاهتزاز اللعبة. وإلا قم بإلغاء تحديد هذا الخيار.

تحكم 360: إذا كان لديك جهاز تحكم زبوكس 360 متصل بجهاز الكمبيوتر الخاص بك، يمكنك وضع علامة في هذا المربع للسماح لاستخدامه في سكيريم. إذا كان لديك جهاز تحكم 360 متصل بجهاز الكمبيوتر الخاص بك ولكن لا ترغب في استخدامه في سكيريم، تأكد من إلغاء تحديد هذا الخيار و / أو فصل وحدة تحكم وإلا فإنه يمكن أن يسبب مشاكل.

الصعوبة: هناك خمسة مستويات صعوبة في سكيريم. من أجل أدنى إلى أعلى، وهذه هي: المبتدئ، المبتدئ، بارعون، خبير، والماجستير. وكلما ارتفع مستوى الصعوبة، فإن القتال الأكثر صعوبة سيكون من حيث الأعداء التي تتطلب مزيدا من الضرر للقتل. ومع ذلك، على عكس النسيان، فإن الأعداء في العالم لعبة سكيريم لا تلقائيا نطاق لتتناسب مع المستوى الحالي الخاص بك؛ سوف كثيرا ما تواجه أضعف وأعداء أكثر قوة بكثير ما تقومون به. وعلاوة على ذلك، يمكن تغيير وضع صعوبة في أي وقت، وسوف تدخل حيز التنفيذ على الفور، لذلك ضبط على النحو المطلوب.

إظهار علامات العائمة: في دفتر اليومية يمكنك تحديد أي من المهام التي يتم تنشيطها بالنقر بزر الماوس الأيمن أو الضغط على إنتر في اسم المهمة ذي الصلة. تظهر علامة صغيرة بجوار كل مهمة نشطة في اليومية، وبدوره سوف يظهر سهم علامة على البوصلة في أعلى الشاشة. إذا كانت علامة & # 39؛ إظهار علامات العائمة & # 39؛ يتم وضع علامة، وسوف نسخة صغيرة من أن السهم علامة تطفو أيضا فوق السعي مهمة شخصية / كائن / موقع عندما يكون في مكان قريب. سيؤدي إلغاء تحديد هذا الخيار إلى إزالة علامات العائمة، ولكنه لا يؤثر على عرض علامات المهام الأخرى.

حفظ على الراحة: إذا تيكد، كلما كنت النوم، فإن لعبة خلق نقطة حفظ تلقائي جديد قبل أن تذهب إلى النوم.

حفظ على الانتظار: إذا تيكد، كلما كنت تستخدم ميزة الانتظار، فإن لعبة إنشاء نقطة حفظ تلقائي جديد قبل البدء في الانتظار.

حفظ على السفر: إذا تيكد، كلما كنت تستخدم ميزة السفر السريع، فإن لعبة خلق نقطة حفظ تلقائي جديد قبل السفر إلى الموقع الجديد.

حفظ في قائمة الحرف: إذا لم يتم تعيين هذا الخيار على "معطل"، فإنه يحدد طول الوقت الذي يجب أن تمر في دقائق قبل أن اللعبة إنشاء نقطة حفظ تلقائي جديد في المرة القادمة التي الوصول إلى قائمة الأحرف (مفتاح تاب الافتراضي).

حفظ تلقائي فتحات ولدت من قبل أي من الخيارات الأربعة المذكورة أعلاه متميزة من حفظ سريع والدليل مرقمة حفظ فتحات، ولن الكتابة فوقها. ومع ذلك لا يمكن إلا أن يكون الحد الأقصى لثلاثة حفظ تلقائي في أي وقت، لذلك سيتم استبدالها القديمة فتحات حفظ السيارات القديمة تلقائيا عن طريق أي الجديدة التي تم إنشاؤها. تم تصميم الخيارات الأربعة أعلاه لتسهيل إنشاء العادية من يحفظ السيارات بحيث يجب أن ننسى حفظ يدويا أو حفظ سريع، ثم سيكون لديك واحدة على الأقل حديثة مؤخرا حفظ نقطة إلى الانخفاض مرة أخرى. إذا كنت حفظ سريع أو حفظ يدوي في كثير من الأحيان، فإنها لا تحتاج إلى تمكين.

السطوع: هذا المنزلق يتحكم في سطوع العام للعبة. ضبطه لتناسب ذوقك، أو تعيينه إلى منتصف نقطة التمرير لمستوى السطوع الافتراضي.

هود التعتيم: يتحكم شريط التمرير هذا في شفافية عناصر العرض الرئيسية للرؤوس (هود): شريط البوصلة، التقاطع، وصحتك، وقضبان ماجيكا وقضبان التحمل. وعلاوة على اليسار يتم اتخاذ شريط التمرير، والمزيد من انظر من خلال هذه العناصر تصبح، حتى في أبعد نقطة إلى اليسار تصبح غير مرئية تماما. إذا وجدت هود تدخلية في بعض الأحيان، يمكنك تقليل المنزلق هود التعتيم، وترك عناصر هود مرئية ولكن جعلها أقل تشتيت.

تتلاشى العناصر، تتلاشى العناصر، تتلاشى الأشياء، تتلاشى الأعشاب، تتلاشى الخبث والخصوصية تتلاشى: كل ذلك له تأثير على الأداء وجودة الصورة، ويتم تناولها بمزيد من التفصيل لاحقا في هذا الدليل.

التقاطع: إذا تيكد، يظهر التقاطع حساسة للسياق في وسط الشاشة. إذا لم يتم فحصها، تتم إزالة التقاطع. ولكن حتى إذا قمت بتعطيل التقاطع، عند التسلل، سيتم عرض رمز العين في وسط الشاشة للإشارة إلى مستوى الكشف.

ترجمات الحوار: إذا تم وضع علامة عليه، يعرض هذا الخيار ترجمات نصية لأي حوار يتحدث من قبل الشخصيات التي تشارك في محادثة مباشرة. ولكن أي شيء يقولون خارج محادثة فعلية معك لن تكون مترجمة.

الترجمات العامة: إذا تم تحديدها، يحدد هذا الخيار ما إذا كان سيتم عرض أي كلمات تنطق بها شخصيات خارج محادثة فعلية كنص مترجم.

يمكن توضيح الفرق بين الإعدادين في مثال: إذا كنت تمشي بالقرب من حرف وأنها تمس شيئا، أو إذا كنت في القتال معهم، وسوف تظهر كلماتهم كنص مترجم فقط إذا كان لديك & # 39؛ الترجمات العامة & # 39؛ الخيار تيكد. إذا اخترت التحدث مباشرة إلى حرف واجهة الحوار مفتوحة، ثم أي شيء يقولون سوف تكون مترجمة إلا إذا كان '& # 39؛ الحوار ترجمات & # 39؛ الخيار. إذا تم وضع علامة على كل من الخيارات، سيتم ترجمة جميع الكلمات المنطوقة.

سيد: هذا المنزلق هو التحكم في مستوى الصوت الرئيسي، مما يؤثر على مستوى كل الصوت في اللعبة.

تأثيرات، خطى، صوت & أمب؛ الموسيقى: هذه المتزلجون التحكم في حجم العناصر الصوتية ذات الصلة في اللعبة.

یمکن تعدیل العدید من واجھة اللعب، واجھة الواجھة والصوت بشکل أکبر کما تم تغطیتھ في قسم التبدیل المتقدم في ھذا الدلیل. في الصفحة التالية نبدأ نظرتنا إلى مختلف الإعدادات المتعلقة بالرسومات في سكيريم.

اعدادات الفيديو.

مجموعة كاملة من إعدادات الفيديو يمكن العثور عليها تحت قسم الخيارات من سكيريم قاذفة التي تظهر كلما قمت بتشغيل سكيريم من البخار. في الصفحات التالية سنعرض كل إعدادات الفيديو ونرى كيف تؤثر على الأداء وجودة الصورة.

في الرسوم البيانية للأداء الموضحة، لكل إعداد نبدأ مع & كوت؛ خط الأساس & كوت؛ حيث يتم تعيين جميع الخيارات إلى الإعداد المسبق عالي الدقة، كما يتم إجبار فسينك على إيقاف تشغيله كما هو موضح في قسم تغيير الإعدادات المتقدمة. من هذا الأساس، نختلف الإعدادات الفردية لقياس تأثيرها على الأداء وجودة الصورة. لمعرفة كيفية عمل مجموعات مختلفة من الإعدادات لوحدات معالجة الرسومات (نفيديا) من نفيديا الأخرى، اطلع على القسم الأمثل للإعدادات القابلة للتشغيل في الموقع.

تكوين النظام الكامل.

غيفورسي غكس 560 1GB إنتل كور i7 940 3GB رام Win7 64 بت نفيديا 285.79 برامج تشغيل بيتا.

القرار و أنتيالياسينغ.

إعدادات الفيديو العامة هي تلك الموجودة في نافذة الخيارات الرئيسية عند الوصول إليها من سكيريم قاذفة، وتغطي أدناه.

محول الرسومات: يظهر هذا بطاقة الرسومات، والمعروفة أيضا بوحدة معالجة الرسومات (غبو). تأكد من تحديده بشكل صحيح. إذا لم يكن ذلك، فراجع قسم تحسين النظام العام في هذا الدليل. راجع أيضا بداية قسم تغيير الإعدادات المتقدمة في الدليل لمعرفة كيفية إعادة تعيين جميع الإعدادات إلى الوضع الافتراضي.

نسبة العرض إلى الارتفاع: يحدد هذا الإعداد نسبة العرض إلى الارتفاع للشاشة، ويؤثر أيضا على الخيارات المتاحة لك في إعداد الدقة. لتجنب التشويه، يجب تحديد الخيار الذي يطابق بدقة نسبة العرض إلى الارتفاع الأصلية للشاشة - بالنسبة لمعظم الشاشات الحديثة، يكون هذا هو 16: 9 أو 16:10. يجب تحديد النسبة الصحيحة تلقائيا، ولكن إذا لم تكن متأكدا، فاختبر لمعرفة ما إذا كانت الأجسام المستديرة في اللعبة (مثل الدروع) تظهر بشكل كامل (نسبة العرض إلى الارتفاع الصحيحة) أو بيضاوية (غير صحيحة).

الحل: يحدد هذا القرار صورة اللعبة المقاسة بعدد وحدات البكسل أفقيا وعموديا (على سبيل المثال 1،920 بكسل × 1،080 بكسل). عدد القرارات المتاحة هنا محدود ب: قدرات كل من بطاقة الرسومات الخاصة بك والشاشة. سواء عرضت جميع القرارات & # 39؛ مربع تدق. وبحسب نسبة نسبة الارتفاع الموضحة أعلاه. وارتفاع القرار الذي تختاره، وأكثر تفصيلا ستكون الصورة. ومع ذلك، يمكن أن تؤدي قرارات أعلى إلى زيادة الحمل على النظام، ولا سيما بطاقة الرسومات، وبالتالي قد يقلل من أدائك العام. للحصول على أكبر صورة على شاشة لد، حدد إما الحد الأقصى للقرار المتاح هنا، والذي يشار إليه أيضا باسم "القرار الأصلي"، أو إذا اخترت دقة أقل من الحد الأقصى، ضع علامة على & # 39؛ وضع النافذة & # 39؛ مربع الذي يتم تناوله أدناه.

وفيما يلي بيان بأثر تغيير هذا الإعداد:

يظهر الرسم البياني أن قرارات أعلى تدريجيا سوف يقلل فبس الخاص بك، ولكن ليس بالضرورة بقدر ما سوف تواجه في ألعاب أخرى. وذلك لأن سكيريم هي لعبة وحدة المعالجة المركزية محدودة، وإذا كان لديك وحدة المعالجة المركزية المنخفضة نهاية وقوية غبو قوية نسبيا، ثم تغيير القرار قد لا يكون لها الكثير من التأثير على الأداء العام.

وضع ويندويد: إذا كنت تريد تشغيل سكيريم في نافذة على سطح المكتب الخاص بك، بدلا من تناول كامل الشاشة، ثم وضع علامة في هذا المربع. تشغيل سكيريم في النافذة هو أفضل القيام به إذا كنت ترغب في تقليل دقة الشاشة اللعبة لتحسين الأداء، ولكن لا تزال تحافظ على صورة واضحة. قد يسبب مشاكل بسبب إدارة الذاكرة ومع ذلك، حتى إذا كنت تعاني من عدم الاستقرار العودة إلى وضع ملء الشاشة.

أنتيالياسينغ: طريقة للحد من خدش الخطوط في رسومات الحاسوب، يمكن تمكين أنتيالياسينغ (آ) في سكيريم مع الخيارات المتاحة يجري إيقاف، 2 عينات، 4 عينات و 8 عينات، أي ما يعادل 0x، 2x، 4x و 8x عينة المضادة للتعرج (مسا). وارتفاع معدل العينة، وأكثر سلاسة الخطوط العريضة لكائنات مختلفة في عالم اللعبة، ولكن كلما زادت فبس المحتملة.

انقر هنا لمقارنة تفاعلية تظهر النقيضين من مكافحة التعرج، وهنا لمقارنة الرسوم المتحركة تظهر كل إعداد.

في المقارنة لقطة أعلاه، ننظر عن كثب على سقف المبنى، والسياج الخشبي وراء شخصية. عندما آ هو إيقاف، يمكنك أن ترى أن الخطوط العريضة لهذه لها ملحوظ & كوت؛ درج خطوة & كوت؛ تأثير. عندما يتم تعيين آ إلى 2 عينات، يتم تمهيد خطوط خشنة إلى حد كبير. في 4 عينة آ، خطوط تصبح على نحو سلس جدا. الفرق في 8 عينة آ من الصعب أن نرى، على الأقل في هذه لقطات ثابتة.

بغض النظر عن مستوى آ المختار هنا، وبعض جوانب لعبة العالم لا تزال تظهر بعض خشونة، ولا سيما أوراق الشجر. ويمكن تخفيض هذا من خلال استخدام فكسا كما هو مغطى لاحقا في الدليل، أو عن طريق إجبار الشفافية أنتيالياسينغ كما هو موضح في قسم إعدادات برنامج تشغيل الرسومات من هذا الدليل.

وفيما يلي بيان بأثر تغيير هذا الإعداد:

كما هو مبين، تأثير أنتيالياسينغ يمكن أن تكون كبيرة، ولكن يختلف اعتمادا على القرار الخاص بك. يوضح الرسم البياني أن 8x مسا على وجه الخصوص له تأثير كبير جدا على الأداء، في المقابل ما رأينا يمكن أن يكون الحد الأدنى من تحسين جودة الصورة. على هذا النحو، يوصى 2X أو 4X مسا إذا كنت ترغب في استخدام آ، وبالطبع إذا كنت بحاجة إلى فبس إضافية، ثم مسا هي واحدة من الأشياء الأولى التي يجب تعطيل. النظر في استخدام فكسا بدلا من ذلك لتهدئة المشهد. لاحظ أن 8x مسا تسبب التحف في 2560x1600 وبالتالي تم استبعادها من بيانات الأداء أعلاه.

الترشيح متباين الخواص.

تصفية متباينة الخواص: تصفية متباينة الخواص (أف) هي تقنية تصفية الملمس مصممة لتحسين وضوح القوام التي يتم عرضها في زاوية على الشاشة، مثل تلك التي تغطي الأرض عند النظر إلى أسفل الطريق. الخيارات المتاحة هنا هي أوف، ثم مجموعة من معدلات العينة بدءا من 2، على طول الطريق تصل إلى 16 عينات. وكلما ارتفع معدل العينة المستخدمة، فإن الأسطح الأكثر هشاشة والأكثر تميزا ستبدو كما أنها تنحسر إلى المسافة.

انقر هنا لمقارنة تفاعلية تبين النقيضين من تصفية متباين الخواص، وهنا لمقارنة الرسوم المتحركة تظهر كل إعداد.

لقطات أعلاه يأخذك من خلال مشهد نموذجي في كل من مستويات مختلفة من أف المتاحة. التغيير الأكثر وضوحا هو أنه كلما زاد التركيز التلقائي، تصبح أسطح الألواح الخشبية والمسار الصخري إلى اليسار أكثر وضوحا. في 2 عينة أف الزيادة في التفاصيل الشاملة كبيرة، وفي 4 عينة أف، وضوح القوام في منتصف المسافة الفوائد إلى حد كبير. في 8 عينة أف فصاعدا التغيير الأساسي هو على وضوح الأسطح أكثر بعدا، مع 12 عينة و 16 عينة أف تحقيق تحسينات خفية.

إذا كنت تريد جودة أفضل من الملمس من خلال تصفية متباين الخواص، يمكنك فرض تصفية متباين الخواص من خلال لوحة التحكم بطاقة الرسومات بدلا من ذلك، مما يوفر تحسنا ملحوظا على أف في إعدادات سكيريم في اللعبة. يوجد المزيد من التفاصيل في قسم إعدادات برنامج تشغيل الرسومات من هذا الدليل.

وفيما يلي بيان بأثر تغيير هذا الإعداد:

سيكون للتصفية متباين الخواص تأثير ضئيل جدا على الأداء على وحدة معالجة الرسومات الحديثة. على هذا النحو، يوصى على الأقل 8 عينة أف، ويقترح 16 عينة أف الكامل لأولئك الذين يريدون أكبر قدر من الوضوح في الحد الأدنى من فقدان الأداء. إذا كنت تقوم بتشغيل بطاقة رسومات أقدم، أو تكافح ل فبس، حتى 2 عينة أف يمكن أن توفر تحسنا ملحوظا دون أي تصفية الملمس على الإطلاق.

تفاصيل المسبقة.

التفاصيل: هناك أربعة المسبقة الرسومات الرئيسية المتاحة لتختار من بينها: منخفضة، متوسطة، عالية و الترا. كل إعداد مسبق يغير مجموعة من الإعدادات، فضلا عن ضبط معدلات عينة أنتيالياسينغ و متباين الخواص. وهذا له تأثير كبير على الأداء وجودة الصورة نتيجة لذلك، إلا أنها ليست طريقة دقيقة جدا، وبالتالي فهي ليست سوى نقطة انطلاق وليس الطريقة المثلى لتكوين إعدادات الرسومات الخاصة بك في سكيريم.

انقر هنا لإجراء مقارنة تفاعلية تبين الفرق بين منخفض و الترا، وهنا لمقارنة الرسوم المتحركة تظهر كل إعداد.

توضح مقارنة الشاشة أعلاه الاختلافات في كل إعداد مسبق:

في انخفاض الصورة مقبولة، ولكن لعبة العالم هو متفرق إلى حد ما. القوام هي ضبابية جدا، على الرغم من أن يتم تعيين جودة الملمس في متوسطة والتي ليست أقل إعداد ممكن. هناك الحد الأدنى من العشب والأوراق، والهياكل والأشياء مفقودة من عالم اللعبة، ومسافة الظل قصيرة جدا وبالتالي كل شيء وراء الشخصية الرئيسية لا يلقي أي الظلال. المياه لا تعكس أي شيء باستثناء السماء. كما أنه لا يوجد أي نوع من الترشيح أو الملمس من أي نوع يجري تطبيقه، مما يؤدي إلى الخطوط العريضة خشنة والقوام البعيدة الضبابية. في وسط، يتم تعيين جودة الملمس إلى أقصى مستوى ممكن من عالية، ولكن مشهد بأكمله غير واضحة من خلال تمكين فكسا. هذا جنبا إلى جنب مع 4x مولتيسامبل أنتيالياسينغ للحد من خشونة. إضافة مسافة أطول الظل، والأشجار البعيدة وتفاصيل إضافية في المسافة يضيف بعض العمق إلى مكان الحادث. وتعكس المياه الآن عناصر التضاريس الرئيسية، مما يجعلها أكثر واقعية قليلا. في الأشياء العالية تبدو أكثر وضوحا كما تم تعطيل فكسا و 8 X مولتيسامبل أنتيالياسينغ و 8x تصفية متباين الخواص حيز التنفيذ لتحسين المشهد دون ضبابية. العشب وزيادة أوراق الشجر. تفاصيل الكائن القريبة أيضا يزيد بشكل ملحوظ: حظائر، جذوع الأشجار، والصخور، وجسر للمشاة منبثقة إلى اليمين على الأرض، والأرض على حد سواء في المسافة والجوار يأخذ على شكل أكثر واقعية. الظلال هي أقل ممتلئة تحت الشخصية الرئيسية كما يتم زيادة قرار الظل، والظلال تمتد أيضا إلى المسافة الوسطى. المياه تعكس الآن كل شيء ولكن السماء. في الترا الفرق هو في المقام الأول في المسافة، كما الظلال تمتد إلى كائنات بعيدا على اليمين، يتم إضافة عدد قليل جدا من الأشجار عند سفح الجبال، والجبال نفسها تصبح أكثر تفصيلا. يتغير الماء قليلا في لهجة كما يتم إضافة انعكاسات السماء مرة أخرى إلى المزيج، ومع تصفية متباين الخواص زادت إلى 16X، والقوام البعيدة هي أيضا أكثر وضوحا اتصال.

وفيما يلي بيان بأثر تغيير هذا الإعداد:

يظهر الرسم البياني تأثير الأداء الكبير للغاية الذي يأتي من ضبط الإعداد المسبق للتفاصيل. القفزة من المتوسطة إلى العالية على وجه الخصوص هو كبير في قرارات أقل، فراميراتي النصف تقريبا. في أي حال مزيج من الإعدادات في كل مستوى مسبقا ليست مثالية. تبدأ مع الإعداد المسبق الذي يؤدي بشكل معقول على النظام الخاص بك، ومن ثم ضبط كل إعداد الفردية لتحقيق نتيجة أفضل من حيث جودة الصورة مقابل الأداء.

في الصفحة التالية نبدأ نظرة على مجموعة كاملة من إعدادات الرسومات التي تصبح متاحة عند النقر على زر متقدم في نافذة خيارات سكيريم.

الملمس و شعاعي طمس الجودة.

عندما يتم النقر على زر متقدم في نافذة خيارات سكيريم من المشغل، نافذة جديدة تفتح مع سلسلة مفصلة من إعدادات الرسومات يمكنك تغيير في اثنين من علامات التبويب الرئيسية، التفاصيل وعرض المسافة. نبدأ بالإعدادات ضمن علامة التبويب التفاصيل.

الملمس الجودة: القوام هي الصور التي تغطي سطح كل كائن في عالم اللعبة، مما يتيح لهم مظهر من العمق والتفاصيل. هذا الإعداد يتحكم في مستوى التفاصيل لهذه القوام، مع الخيارات المتاحة منخفضة، متوسطة وعالية. كما يتم رفع الإعداد، وعمق والتفاصيل من القوام المستخدمة يزيد، مما أدى إلى تحسين جودة البصرية.

انقر هنا لإجراء مقارنة تفاعلية تبين الفرق بين منخفض وعالي، وهنا لمقارنة الرسوم المتحركة تظهر كل إعداد.

يتم عرض مقارنة لقطة أعلاه لتسليط الضوء على الفرق. في منخفض، السطوح والأشياء تفتقر إلى التفاصيل في محاولة لمساعدة حتى أدنى تشغيل آلة المواصفات سكيريم. في وسط المشهد يحتوي على قدر كبير من التفاصيل المضافة، حيث تصبح أوراق أكثر وضوحا، لحاء شجرة يصبح أكثر واقعية، وقد أضاف المسار العمق. في المسافة إلى اليمين، تلة صخرية أيضا مكاسب إضافية. في ارتفاع الفرق هو واضح مرة أخرى، مع قدر أكبر من التفصيل في أوراق وحاء الشجرة، ومسار أكثر وضوحا بكثير، ومجموعة من التفاصيل الدقيقة تظهر على الصخور على جميع المسافات.

تأكد من استخدام بعض تصفية متباين الخواص (انظر في وقت سابق في الدليل) لتحسين وضوح الملمس. نضع في اعتبارنا أيضا أن إعداد فكسا (مغطاة في وقت لاحق في الدليل) سوف تسهم طمس طفيف إلى مكان الحادث، وبالتالي يمكن أن تقلل من وضوح الملمس، لذلك إذا كنت تريد أنقى القوام الممكنة، تعطيله.

وفيما يلي بيان بأثر تغيير هذا الإعداد:

يظهر الرسم البياني أن تأثير فبس من رفع نوعية الملمس معتدل. ومع ذلك ما لا يمكن أن يظهر الرسم البياني هو أنه إذا كان لديك بطاقة الرسومات كميات أقل من ذاكرة الوصول العشوائي للفيديو (فرام)، قد تحصل على التأتأة إضافية أو تجميد / توقف مؤقت إذا كنت تستخدم الإعداد العالي. متوسط ​​هو أدنى إعداد الموصى به، كما لو هو مجرد ضبابية جدا ومحبوب.

لاحظ أنه تم الآن الافراج عن مسؤول عالية الدقة حزمة نسيج عالية ل سكيريم، والتي يمكن أن تزيد من تحسين نوعية الملمس عندما يتم تعيين جودة الملمس إلى عالية. يمكن العثور على مزيد من التفاصيل حول حزمة عالية الدقة الملمس تحت مودس & أمب؛ قسم إعدادات برنامج تشغيل الرسومات في هذا الدليل.

شعاعي طمس جودة: هذا الإعداد يتحكم في درجة التي يحدث طمس شعاعي تأثير، مرئية في معظم الأحيان عندما كنت ضرب في القتال لمحاكاة الارتباك والألم. ويطلق عليه & كوت؛ شعاعي & كوت؛ طمس بسبب عدم وضوح يبدو أن يشع من وسط الشاشة إلى الخارج. الخيارات المتاحة لهذا الإعداد منخفضة، متوسطة وعالية، وفي الممارسة العملية لا يوجد فرق كبير بين هذه المستويات.

انقر هنا لإجراء مقارنة تفاعلية تبين الفرق بين منخفض وعالي، وهنا لمقارنة الرسوم المتحركة تظهر كل إعداد.

محاولة لقطة الشاشة لالتقاط الفرق في كل مستوى من هذا الإعداد، ولكن هذا من الصعب القيام به كما هو تأثير ديناميكي. على الرغم من أن في لقطات أعلاه يبدو منخفض أن يكون أقل وضوح من متوسطة أو عالية، خلال اللعب الفعلي المبلغ الإجمالي من عدم وضوح يبدو مشابها تماما في كل مستوى. لا يمكنك تعطيل طمس شعاعي باستخدام هذا الإعداد، ولكن انظر قسم التغيير والتبديل المتقدم لطريقة أخرى لتعطيله تماما.

وفيما يلي بيان بأثر تغيير هذا الإعداد:

ويؤكد الرسم البياني أن تغيير جودة طمس شعاعي ليس له تأثير ملحوظ على الأداء، وذلك أساسا بسبب تغيير الإعداد ليس له تأثير بصري ملحوظ.

الظل التفاصيل و صائق الكمية.

تفاصيل الظل: يحدد هذا الإعداد الدقة الشاملة لمعظم الظلال التي تلقيها الشخصيات والأشياء والمباني في سكيريم، فضلا عن المسافة التي يتلقون الظلال فيها. الخيارات المتاحة منخفضة، متوسطة، عالية و الترا.

انقر هنا لإجراء مقارنة تفاعلية تبين الفرق بين منخفض و الترا، وهنا لمقارنة الرسوم المتحركة تظهر كل إعداد.

لقطات أعلاه تظهر أنه في منخفضة، والشخصية والشجرة بالقرب منه يلقي ظلال ممتلئ الجسم بسبب قرار الظل منخفضة مختارة لحفظ الأداء. في الوسط، حواف الظلال تصبح أكثر وضوحا. في ارتفاع الظلال هي أكثر تفصيلا قليلا، على الرغم من أن هناك بعض التشويش في الواقع أيضا. يمكنك أن ترى أيضا أن هناك التظليل إضافية في منتصف المسافة. في الترا الظلال تتحسن بمهارة، والصخور والسقيفة في المسافة أيضا الحصول على الظلال.

ونظرا لطبيعة تقنيات رسم الظل، فإن نوعية الظل تختلف تبعا لمسافاتها عن مصدر الضوء. على سبيل المثال، في الداخل عندما صب الظل من الشعلة القريبة أو النار سيكون أكثر تفصيلا وسلس. أي الظلال بعيدا عن مصدر الضوء سوف تصبح ممتلئ الجسم. سخر آخر الذي هو مرئي في لقطات أعلاه، والتي قمت بتكرارها في عدة مشاهد أخرى، هو أنه كما تفاصيل الظل يذهب من عالية إلى الترا، والأشجار في المسافة سيكون لها أوراق إضافية تضاف إليها.

وبصرف النظر عن العديد من الطرق لإضافة والتحكم الظلال عبر متغيرات الأوامر المشمولة في قسم التغيير والتبديل المتقدم، وهناك طريقة أخرى لإضافة المزيد من الغلاف الجوي للعبة عن طريق التظليل خفية إضافية من خلال استخدام الانسحاب المحيط القسري. For more details see the Graphics Driver Settings section of the guide.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph demonstrates the large impact of Shadow Detail on performance, as shadows are used extensively throughout the game world. In practice the impact can be even greater in some scenes, so Shadow Detail is one of the first settings you should consider lowering if you need improved performance, as well as to help prevent slowdowns in certain areas. Simply switching from Ultra to High for example can provide a noticeable boost in FPS without a major drop in image quality.

Decal Quantity: This slider determines the maximum number of decals that are visible at any one time. Typically, decals are small images placed on characters, object and terrain, such as dirt, blood and scorch marks. The available options are None, Medium, High and Ultra. However in Skyrim this setting seems to have no effect on blood splatters, as even when set to None these splatters still appear in great quantities on enemies, on your weapons, and also on the screen.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between None and Ultra.

The main difference noted in testing this setting was in the black scorch marks caused by destructive spells, as shown in the screenshot comparison above. These scorch marks will not appear when Decal Quantity is set to None; at Medium, numerous such marks will appear, and raising the setting to High or Ultra doesn't noticeably increase the number of decals which can appear at any one time. While the practical difference is difficult to tell in most scenes, the theoretical values for maximum decals possible at each level of this setting are None=0, Medium=100, High=250 and Ultra=1,000.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph shows that the performance impact of this setting is extremely minor, though it may vary in heavy combat when spells are used and lots of decals generated. Since it seems to also have very little visual impact in most cases, Medium is recommended as a good balance of image quality and performance.

FXAA & Water.

FXAA: Short for Fast Approximate Anti-Aliasing, NVIDIA's FXAA is a method of smoothing jagged edges which is efficient and reasonably effective. The available options are Off, Low, Medium and High. FXAA can be enabled instead of the normal Antialiasing option in Skyrim (covered earlier in the guide), or in conjunction with it.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between the two extremes, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshots above show the main combinations of Antialiasing you can enable in Skyrim. The first pair of shots show a scene with no Antialiasing of any kind, followed by only FXAA enabled. The use of FXAA reduces the appearance of all jagged lines, such as the top of the bridge in the distance, on the trees and bushes, and the outlines of the horse and its reigns for example. However it also softens the scene slightly, making it a bit hazy and reducing the sharpness of the textures, such as those on the wooden boards of the footbridge. The next screenshot shows FXAA disabled but 8 Sample AA enabled instead, and when compared with the FXAA-only screenshot, it demonstrates that 8x AA eliminates jaggedness on most objects without the blurriness of FXAA, leaving the scene looking much sharper - however 8x AA does not smooth out foliage. Finally, we have a scene where both 8x AA and FXAA are in effect, and it looks extremely smooth. However it's still slightly blurred due to the FXAA, and this haze is more noticeable while playing the game.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

FXAA lives up to its promise of being efficient, and has minimal performance impact across various resolutions. This makes it suitable for people looking for a cheap but relatively effective form of line smoothing instead of the more intensive Antialiasing option in Skyrim. At the other end of the spectrum, if the blurring from FXAA bothers you but you still want to smooth out foliage, you can enable Transparency Antialiasing as covered in the Graphics Driver Settings section.

Water: There are four options available here to control the reflections which appear on the surface of bodies of water: Reflect Land, Reflect Trees, Reflect Objects and Reflect Sky. You can also choose to reflect nothing by unticking all of the boxes, or enable all of them together. Depending on which options are chosen, this can affect the coloration and realism of water in Skyrim.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between 'Reflect None' and 'Reflect All,' and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshot comparisons above compare the key water reflection options. Pay attention to both the water surrounding the nearby ruins, and the water to the far right in the distance. When all reflections are turned off, the water takes on a relatively flat, pale blue look. When Reflect Land is enabled, the general outline of the major terrain is reflected. When Reflect Trees is enabled, you can clearly see trees being reflected in the water. The Reflect Objects screenshot shows that rocks and more detailed terrain features are now reflected in the water. Reflect Sky impacts on the water in the form of changing its color and adding realistic highlights to the water's surface. When all these options are combined together, and particularly when compared with the Reflect None screenshot, the Reflect All screenshot demonstrates the added depth and realism that comes from the various reflected elements.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph above demonstrates that when enabled individually, the reflection options don't have any real impact on performance. However when are all enabled together, there can be a slight drop in framerate. Given the way water reflections can noticeably improve the realism and depth of bodies of water in Skyrim, you should generally leave these reflection settings enabled unless truly struggling for FPS in water areas.

Object & Actor Fade.

Under the View Distance tab of the Advanced Options window are a range of sliders. These sliders determine the distance between you and an item, character or object before it fades into or out of view. Importantly, the fade-in/fade-out effect from the various fade options below is variable depending on whether you're approaching or moving away from the relevant object/item/person. For example, when approaching a rock at the lowest Object Fade setting, it will suddenly fade into view a few feet away from you, but if you then walk away from it, it will take almost double the distance before it fades out of view again.

Object Fade: This slider controls the distance at which a range of non-critical game world objects such as fences, rocks, pathways, etc. are visible. As this setting is lowered, some objects in the distance will not be visible and will only fade into view as you approach them. The distance at which they appear is determined by the position of the slider: the further to the left the slider goes, the closer you will need to be to an object before it becomes visible.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Minimum and Maximum, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshots above demonstrate the effects of this slider at its Minimum (1), Medium (8) and Maximum (15) positions. Going from the Minimum to the Medium setting, the screenshots show that a range of objects appear, including the standing stones in the middle of the screen, a pathway in the distance to the top left, and various dead branches, rocks and small boulders throughout the scene. At Maximum the primary differences are some changes in the detail of small bushes, and some additional detailing on the rocky edges at the far left and far right of the middle of the screen.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph shows that there is a decline in FPS as the Object Fade slider is increased, but it is not major. For gameplay reasons it is recommended that this setting not be lowered too far, preferably kept above Medium (7 or 8) to ensure that you don't miss nearby objects and structures which may be of interest as you wander the game world.

Actor Fade: This slider controls the distance at which characters and creatures can be seen. Similar to the Object Fade slider, the lower the slider is taken, the closer you will need to be before such "actors" are visible to you.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Minimum and Maximum, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshots above show this slider at its Minimum (2), Medium (8) and Maximum (15) positions. In the scene shown, there are actually four separate people and a chicken. At the Minimum setting, none of the characters or creatures are visible. At Medium, the old lady and the chicken become visible in the middle of the screen, but the three distant characters are not yet visible. At Maximum the young boy and two adults in the far distance at the end of the pathway now become visible, although they're barely distinguishable.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph shows a relatively minor fall in performance as the Actor Fade slider is increased. Character and creature interaction and combat is an integral part of the gameplay in Skyrim, so it is strongly recommended that you do not lower this setting much unless you are truly desperate for FPS. Using the Minimum setting for example means that you might literally stumble into characters or monsters which suddenly fade into view a few feet away from you.

Grass & Specularity Fade.

Grass Fade: This slider controls the amount of grass, shrubs and small bushes which appear throughout the greener portions of the game world. The lower the slider is set, the less such terrain decoration is visible.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Minimum and Maximum, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshots demonstrate the difference when the slider is set to the Minimum (0), Medium (3) and Maximum (7) positions. At the Minimum setting, you can see the field is largely devoid of grass, though there is some sparse vegetation immediately in front of the character, and some isolated small ferns appear in the distance. At the Medium setting, the scene is much richer as grass and shrubs extend all the way to the middle distance. At the Maximum position, the grass extends almost to the end of the field, but there is still a portion in the far distance without any.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph above demonstrates that grass fade has a performance impact, but it is not major in many cases. However since grass is not critical to gameplay, and indeed can obscure objects and locations at times, you can readily lower this setting if you need the extra performance when outdoors.

Specularity Fade: This slider is meant to control the specularity (shininess) of various objects and surfaces in the game world. However in practice it actually appears to do nothing noticeable if altered.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Minimum and Maximum.

The available options for this slider range from Minimum of 2 up to a Maximum of 15 if adjusted within the Advanced Options, however note that if you select the Ultra preset, it actually sets a higher value of 20 as the maximum on the slider. In any case the screenshots above are provided simply to show that at the two extremes of Minimum (2) and Maximum (20), in a room full of reasonably shiny surfaces, there is absolutely no difference. The only minor changes in the screenshots come from shifting smoke and normal changes in the fire light.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph confirms the almost non-existent performance impact of changing Specularity Fade, in line with the indistinguishable visual changes which come from adjusting it. However this also means that you can lower this slider to potentially gain one or two more FPS without any real decline in image quality.

Light & Item Fade.

Light Fade: This slider controls the distance at which lights cast from dynamic sources, such as torches, begin to fade out. In effect it controls the overall luminosity of lighting. Its impact should be most noticeable in indoor areas.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Minimum and Maximum, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshots above capture the effects of this setting at its Minimum (2), Medium (18) and Maximum (35) values. As can be seen, the difference is not major, and even less so during actual gameplay. When the screenshots are compared closely, there is progressively more light cast from the torch on the right and the fire in the brazier to the left, extending their lighting radius and thus making the scene slightly brighter.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph above shows the extremely minor performance impact on performance of adjusting Light Fade. Since this setting does not have a dramatic impact on image quality, it can be either be lowered if you want the extra few FPS, or kept at its maximum to ensure the brightest lighting in dim indoor areas like dungeons.

Item Fade: This slider controls the distance at which items, such as weapons, armor, potions and scrolls, can be seen in the game world. The lower the slider, the closer you will have to be to such items before they become visible.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Minimum and Maximum, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

In the scene pictured above, a wide range of inventory items have been strewn at regular intervals all along the winding path, onto the footbridge, and in front of the small shed in the distance. At the Minimum (1) setting on the slider, only the nearest objects are visible: some mushrooms, a book, a scroll, and some potion bottles. At Medium (8), the full range of items becomes visible, including the (barely visible) large stack of armor, scrolls, potions and shields placed in front of the small shed in the distance. At Maximum there is no further change in this scene. Most items would be next to impossible to distinguish beyond the distance shown here anyway simply due to how small they would be on the screen.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph indicates that there can be a noticeable, though not major, drop in FPS at higher levels of the Item Fade slider. For gameplay purposes however I strongly recommend keeping Item Fade above the Medium setting. If lowered too far, you will miss important and highly useful items as you explore the game world, simply because you won't be able to see them.

Object Detail.

Distant Object Detail: This setting controls the details placed on distant objects, most notably the hills and mountains which typically surround most areas in the game. The available options are Low, Medium, High and Ultra, and the lower you go, the less distance details there will be, which impacts primarily on realism and atmosphere rather than gameplay.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Low and Ultra, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshots above capture the change at each level of this setting. Pay particular attention to the distant mountain range. At Low, the mountains are fairly barren, jagged and undetailed. At Medium the mountains fill out, gaining shape, shadow and some surface detailing. At High, the main addition is trees at the foot of the mountains. At Ultra, trees are added throughout the mountain range itself, making it more realistic. Importantly, altering this setting doesn't have any impact on the man-made structures throughout the scene, even the distant keep in the mountains at the top right.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph shows that performance drops as this setting rises, especially noticeable at the Ultra level. Since this setting does not have any impact on gameplay, you may wish to drop it down to High or Medium to gain extra performance in large outdoor areas.

Object Detail Fade: This setting appears to provide additional control over very minor object details in the game world. If ticked, the setting will remove such inconsequential details to provide a performance boost, but if you prefer the highest detail image quality, then untick this option.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Off and On.

In the screenshots above it is difficult at first to detect any difference in the scene. If you flick between the shots and look closely however, when Object Detail Fade is turned On, some ivy is removed from the rocky walls in the far left, middle and mid-right of the village. A small patch of moss and a stone are also removed from the distant right of the scene. In other words there are no major changes when this setting is enabled, only changes in minor detail.

An indication of the performance impact of changing this setting is shown below:

The graph shows a slight increase in FPS when Object Detail Fade is turned on. It may be worthwhile enabling this option if you need a few more FPS, especially as there is no real drop in image quality since only very minor objects will be stripped from the scene.

Advanced Tweaking.

For Skyrim, Bethesda has created the Creation Engine, a new, advanced engine featuring a real-time shadowing system and a number of other technological advancements. Fortunately, the game's files and configuration options are easily accessible, allowing us to push the Creation Engine well beyond its limits through four different avenues:

By adding or altering variables in the initialization (.ini) files. By using console commands. Through the use of user-made game modifications (Mods). Through alterations made to the graphics driver settings.

We'll examine all of these methods in detail on the following pages. Before proceeding with any advanced tweaking however, you must take precautions to prevent losing your original settings and saved games. The easiest way is to make a backup copy of the entire \My Documents\My Games\Skyrim directory and store it somewhere safe.

.ini Tweaks.

Skyrim's engine uses. ini files to store various settings, which are then read and implemented at startup. These plain text. ini files can be edited using any text editor such as Windows Notepad. There are a range of these. ini files under the game's main \Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\skyrim directory, however those are simply templates and none of them should be edited.

The. ini files which you should edit are found under the \My Documents\My Games\Skyrim directory. These files are Skyrim. ini and SkyrimPrefs. ini and the relevant file to be edited is noted in each tweak below. Importantly, if you mess up these files and don't have a backup, or if you suspect that your adjustments to them are the cause of any problems, you can delete them and the next time Skyrim starts up it will recreate them with default settings.

Altering the in-game settings using the Skyrim Launcher will change or reset a range of variables in the. ini files, so it is best to first adjust all of your in-game settings to a level you're reasonably comfortable with before moving on to doing some fine-tuning with. ini tweaking. You may also wish to separately note down any. ini tweaks you make, as future official patches are likely to alter or reset the. ini files, and you should never copy an. ini file or large portions of it from an older version onto the new one.

The tweaks listed here are not prescribed "fixes". Advanced tweaking requires experimentation. Some general guidance is provided, but ultimately it comes down to your particular tastes and your system's capabilities as to which tweaks you implement, and what values you use for them. Most importantly, do not simply copy anyone else's. ini file contents. They are typically filled with non-functional or undesirable changes which will not suit your particular tastes or may cause problems. Every tweak requires that you understand the tradeoffs and changes that are involved, and that you test them personally and decide what is acceptable on your system.

Note: variables which can be fully altered using the in-game settings, and those which have no discernible performance or visual impact are not covered.

General Performance.

uGridsToLoad=5 - This variable does not exist and need to be added to bottom of the [General] section of the Skyrim. ini file to be implemented. It controls the radius around the character within which the engine loads up the most detailed objects, characters and terrain. It can have a substantial impact on both image quality and performance. Any value assigned to this variable needs to be in odd increments, e. g. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11. The screenshot comparisons above demonstrate the way in which there is progressively higher detail in the distance as the value of this variable is raised (a better example showing uGridsToLoad=7, the most stable value, can be seen here).

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between uGridsToLoad 5 and 11, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

While altering this variable is tempting given the image quality improvement it provides, you should experiment with any uGridsToLoad value in various areas, particularly those where you usually experience the lowest FPS. The default of 5 is already a good compromise of performance and image quality, but if struggling for FPS, you can drop it to a lower value such as 3, though Bethesda strongly advises against this as it may lead to game instability.

Importantly: Aside from lowering performance and causing potential instability due to the greatly increased resource usage when raising uGridsToLoad, if you save a game after you have altered this value, the new value will be incorporated into your saved game. This is worth noting because the game only allows you to load a saved game which has an equal or lower uGridsToLoad value than your current value; you will not be able to open a saved game with a higher uGridsToLoad value. This means if you lower your uGridsToLoad value again, you won't be able to load up the saves which used the higher value. So you should extensively test any change to your uGridsToLoad before committing to saving the game. If you need to revert a change in uGridsToload in an existing save game follow the steps below:

Start Skyrim and load up a saved game. Use ALT+TAB to switch out of Skyrim and back to your Desktop. Edit the Skyrim. ini file as normal, modifying the uGridsToLoad variable to the desired lower value. Save Skyrim. ini and close it. Use ALT+TAB to switch back to Skyrim. Open the Command Console using the tilde.

key and type refreshini . Save your game to a new save slot, and it should now have the correct new uGridsToLoad value.

uExterior Cell Buffer=36 - This variable controls the number of world cells (controlled by the uGridsToLoad setting) that are buffered to RAM to provide smoother transitions and improve stability. The general rule for the optimal value to assign to this variable is to take your current uGridsToLoad value, add one to it, then multiply it by itself. For example, if you set a uGridsToLoad value of 7, change uExterior Cell Buffer to 64.

iPresentInterval=0 - A form of Vertical Synchronization (VSync) is enabled by default in Skyrim and cannot be disabled in the in-game settings. If this variable is added to the bottom of the [Display] section of Skyrim. ini and set to 0, it will forcibly disable VSync. Disabling VSync reduces/eliminates mouse lag and removes the cap on your FPS, and can also improve overall performance. However disabling VSync also has several potentially negative impacts: you may see screen "tearing" which is harmless but may be annoying; in areas where you get very high framerates, such as indoors, the vertical (up/down) axis of your mouse will become much more sensitive than the horizontal axis; game world physics and timing may also accelerate or glitch, especially in areas where you get high FPS.

The two main alternatives for VSync in Skyrim are:

Leave VSync enabled in Skyrim (i. e. the default), and enable Triple Buffering instead using the D3DOverrider utility which comes with the free RivaTuner software. This will improve performance and can reduce mouse lag without resulting in other negative effects. Furthermore, because the FPS cap from VSync remains in place, your vertical mouse axis will not become incredibly sensitive, though it will still become sluggish at low FPS. The only issue is that Triple Buffering uses more Video RAM which may cause problems on some systems, and it may not reduce mouse lag to the same degree as simply disabling VSync. To counter this, check the other mouse-related variables in this section. Disable VSync and use a FPS Limiter Mod to maintain any FPS cap you wish, though 60 or 30 FPS is recommended. This will prevent extreme vertical mouse sensitivity and physics issues, and will remove mouse lag, but there may still be some tearing.

Note that iPresentInterval can also be given a value of 2 to implement VSync with a reduced FPS cap (typically 30 FPS instead of 60 FPS), but this increases mouse lag, does not improve performance, and also results in extremely long load times, so it should not be used.

You may notice that several prominent memory and caching tweaks have not been included in this guide, such as those sourced from this Memory Limit Increase mod, and those found in guides for previous Bethesda games, e. g. the uInterior Cell Buffer and iPreloadSizeLimit and various threading variables. In experimenting with these in Skyrim I didn't find them to have any practical impact on the actual performance, resource usage or smoothness on my system. At the same time, I can't conclusively disprove their effectiveness across all systems. On balance I believe that altering them is unnecessary.

Only a change like altering the Large Address Aware (LAA) flag on Skyrim's main TESV. exe file can have any real impact on improving Skyrim's resource usage. This LAA change allows Skyrim to potentially use more than the 2GB limit imposed on 32-bit executables, but it only recommended if you have 4GB or more of system RAM. Any patch which directly modifies the game's executable is not allowed by Steam, so you need to use something like this 4GB Skyrim LAA mod instead. This should not be treated as a cureall for instability issues, but it can help if you're using a range of resource-intensive mods or. ini changes in Skyrim.

However as of the 1.3.10 Patch, using a 4GB Skyrim LAA Mod is no longer necessary, as the game's executable has now been officially modified to support the Large Address Awareness flag. This should enhance stability, but if you still experience issues, make sure to follow the general optimization information on the first page of this guide, and also disable your mods one by one to see if they are the source of any problems.

.ini Tweaks, Part 2.

fAudioMasterVolume=1.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini is equivalent to the Master volume slider in the in-game settings. However here it can be adjusted above the 1.0000 limit which is imposed on the in-game slider, allowing people who find the sound in Skyrim to be too low to raise it. For example, try a value of 1.5000 or 2.0000. You can subsequently adjust the other volume sliders in-game as required, however adjusting the Master volume slider in-game will reset this variable back to the default maximum of 1.0000.

bEnableAudio=1.0 - If this variable is added to the [Audio] section of Skyrim. ini and set to 0, it will disable all audio in the game. This is best used in troubleshooting to determine whether audio is the source of a problem with the game, such as stuttering or slowdowns.

Interface & Controls.

To change your Field of View (FOV) in Skyrim, you must first add both of the variables above to the bottom of the [Display] section of the Skyrim. ini file. Change the values shown to match the FOV degree you wish to use. Next, you must add the variable fDefaultFOV=90 to the bottom of the [General] section of the SkyrimPrefs. ini file, once again adjusting the value to match the FOV degree you want. Then load your latest save game in Skyrim and use the FOV 90 console command (See the Console Commands section later in the guide) to match the FOV degree set for the variables above, and save your game to make the change permanent.

The [Interface] section and variables above must all be added to the bottom of the Skyrim. ini file. These variables control the distance from the edge of the screen at which HUD elements, like the compass and health, magicka and stamina bars, appear. The lower the value assigned, the closer to the edge of the screen the HUD elements, as well as any status messages or location text, will appear. This can make them less intrusive.

The [MapMenu] section and the variables above must be added to the bottom of Skyrim. ini. The first two variables control the level of detail of the game world as seen in Map view, and the values shown make the map more detailed. The second two variables allow you to zoom in much closer and out much further than normally possible. The final variable slows down the zoom speed so you have finer control when zooming in or out of the more detailed map. If you want to remove the clouds from the map, you can also add the sMapCloudNIF=0 variable to the section above to disable them.

bDoDepthOfField=1 - If this variable is set to 0 in SkyrimPrefs. ini, it will disable the Depth of Field (out of focus blur) effect, most commonly visible in the background of the Character Menu (Items, Magic, Skills, Maps) screens. Disabling this effect may improve FPS, but it also makes it more difficult to distinguish items against the character menu background.

bShowQuestMarkers=1 - If this variable is set to 0 in SkyrimPrefs. ini, it will disable all quest marker arrows, including those on the map and on the compass, however landmarks will still be shown. Disabling quest markers makes completing quests more difficult as you will have to listen to and read descriptions of quests very carefully.

bShowCompass=1 - If this variable is set to 0 in SkyrimPrefs. ini, it will remove the compass bar at the top of the screen. This provides a much cleaner look to the game, but will mean that you have to refer the map more often, or make greater use of the Clairvoyance spell.

bAlwaysRunByDefault=1 - If this variable is set to 0 in SkyrimPrefs. ini, your character will always walk by default instead of running by default. You can use the CAPS LOCK key by default to toggle this behavior at any time, however altering this variable changes the default behavior at startup.

bMouseAcceleration=1 - If this variable is set to 0 in SkyrimPrefs. ini, it will disable mouse acceleration. This can provide a consistent and responsive feel through more predictable mouse movements, as the mouse will no longer be faster for larger movements and slower for smaller movements. It can also help reduce the feeling of lag when VSync is enabled by default.

fMouseHeadingSensitivity=0.0440 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini is controlled by the Look Sensitivity in-game setting, and should first be adjusted there. However if you wish to assign a higher value than the maximum allowed in-game, you can do so here.

The [Controls] section and variables above must to be added to the bottom of the Skyrim. ini file to modify relative sensitivities of the Y Axis (up/down) and X Axis (left/right) of the mouse. Higher values increase the effective sensitivity of the relevant axis.

iShadowMapResolution=4096 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini directly controls shadow resolution and hence is the major determinant of shadow quality in the game. It is part of the Shadow Detail in-game setting. At Shadow Detail Low iShadowMapResolution is set to 512; at Medium =1024; at High =2048; and =4096 at Ultra. A higher value of 8192 is possible for shadow resolution, which will improve shadows slightly, but will also reduce FPS substantially. The screenshot comparison below shows the difference between a value of 4096 for this variable as set using the Ultra preset, and a value of 8192, in an indoor scene where the difference is most noticeable. You can see that the shadow of the character, and the large shadow to the right of him both have much smoother edges at a value of 8192.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between ShadowMapResolution 4096 and 8192.

iBlurDeferredShadowMask=3 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini controls the blurring effect applied to shadows. Lower values will sharpen shadows, and at 0 the blur effect on shadows is completely disabled, providing the sharpest shadows. Higher values will progressively soften the shadows until they become almost shapeless. The screenshots below show the difference at a value of 0, 3 and 7 - the most obvious change is in the sharpness of the tree shadow. The performance impact is typically minimal. You can decrease this setting to bring out more detail in high resolution shadows, or increase the setting to blur and hence hide shadow jaggedness and shimmering for lower resolution shadows.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between BlurDeferredShadowMask 0 and 7, and here for animated comparison showing each setting.

iShadowMaskQuarter=4 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini also has an impact on the clarity shadows. If raised to higher values such as 10, it improves the crispness of shadows, but at very high values it will simply crash the game. Lowering the value will make shadows less detailed, but if set to 0, be aware that it disables indoor shadows completely. The performance impact can be major, so you should use the iBlurDeferredShadowMask setting first to adjust shadow clarity.

fShadowDistance=8000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini has a significant impact on shadow quality in outdoor areas. It controls the distance at which shadows are visible, however due to the way the engine works, it also determines the overall level of detail of shadows in the game world. Lowering the value of this variable will improve shadow resolution, but will also remove shadows from more distant objects, which improves performance significantly. If set to 0, outdoor shadows are completely disabled. The screenshots below compare this variable at a value of 400, 2000 and 8000. It confirms that the lower the value, the lower the shadow distance but the finer the detail on shadows.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between ShadowDistance 400 and 8000, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

fInteriorShadowDistance=3000.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini controls interior shadows. However lowering this value simply results in more areas of an interior being covered by shadow, rather than any noticeable improvement in shadow resolution. Increasing the value also seems to have little practical impact. In indoor locations, shadows are always sharper when closer to a light source than when further away from it regardless of this setting. Only raising the iShadowMapResolution variable can improve both exterior and interior shadows.

fShadowBiasScale=0.15 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini determines the degree to which a surface is shadowed, possibly by altering the angle an object needs to be relative to a light source to cast a shadow. In practice, higher values will reduce the amount of shadowing, while lower values will increase the shadowing on various surfaces.

bTreesReceiveShadows=0 - If this variable is set to 1 in SkyrimPrefs. ini, it will enable self-shadowing on trees. The visual impact on trees is quite noticeable, as the screenshots above demonstrate. The performance impact should be relatively minor, so this setting can be enabled on most systems to provide more depth to foliage.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between TreesReceiveShadows 0 and 1.

bDrawLandShadows=0 - If this variable is set to 1 in SkyrimPrefs. ini, it will add subtle shadowing to land masses. This effect is rarely visible, but if you look at the screenshots below you can see that when enabled, there is additional shadowing on the land around the base of the rocks in the center and bottom left of the scene. The performance impact should be minor.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between DrawLandShadows 0 and 1.

If the variables above are added under the [Display] section of Skyrim. ini, you can adjust the way in which shadow positions update as the Sun moves. By default shadows will update only periodically, resulting in a regular and noticeable strobing effect as the jagged outlines of shadows transition from their old to their new location. Altering the fSunUpdateThreshold value controls how frequently the updates will occur - the higher the value, the longer it will take before the shadow position is updated. Adjusting the fSunShadowUpdateTime value determines how long the transition will take, and higher values will in effect prolong the visible strobing, while lower values will result in a cleaner but more pronounced jump between the old and new shadow position. For example, try a combination of fSunShadowUpdateTime=0.000 and fSunUpdateThreshold=0.100 to provide more frequent and hence steadier updates of shadow positions, with smaller and much cleaner transitions.

Skyrim is the first Elder Scrolls game to make extensive use of dynamic shadowing. The shadows in Skyrim can vary in quality, and may also shimmer and strobe when they move. Since shadows can be very performance intensive, the quality compromises are inherent to the shadow system, and are designed to provide a balance between rich shadowing and playable frame rates. However there is no simple way to adjust the shadow LOD. There are a range of shadow combinations available to you by tweaking the various settings in this guide, but ultimately it comes down to a matter of taste and your system’s capabilities as to what tradeoffs you choose.

.ini Tweaks, Part 3.

Grass & Trees.

fGrassStartFadeDistance=7000.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini has the most significant impact on grass. It controls the distance at which grass appears in the game world, and corresponds with the Grass Fade in-game setting. The lower this value, the less grass you will see into the distance, the higher the value the more grass will appear into the distance. The normal maximum allowable by the in-game slider is 7000.00, however you can raise the value even higher to increase grass distance. For example, a value of 14000.00 will double the distance at which grass appears. The performance impact will vary by system, but should be relatively low.

iMinGrassSize=20 - This variable needs to be added to the bottom of the [Grass] section in the Skyrim. ini file. It determines the density of grass clumps, and if raised, thins out the patches of grass, while lowering it below 20 shows no improvement in grass. The screenshots below show the two extreme values of 80 and 20, and the density of the grass patches is clearly affected. Thinning out the grass can be an alternative way of improving performance without reducing grass distance or turning off grass altogether.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between iMinGrassSize 20 and 80.

bAllowCreateGrass=1 - If this variable is set to 0 in Skyrim. ini, it will disable all grass. This may improve performance on low-end GPUs in outdoor areas, however it also reduces realism. To temporarily toggle grass off in certain areas to prevent slowdowns while playing the game, see the Console Commands section for a better solution.

fTreeLoadDistance=75000.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini determines the distance at which trees are shown. Raising the value will increase the number of visible trees in the far distance, while lowering it will reduce them, though note that even at 0, nearby trees will be drawn. Altering the number of distant trees can impact noticeably on performance depending on the scene. In the screenshots below values of 5,000, 75,000 and 150,000 have been used for this variable. The change from 5,000 up to 75,000 is noticeable; above this value however nothing else changes in this scene.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between fTreeLoadDistance 5000 and 150000, and here for an animated comparison of each setting.

fTreesMidLODSwitchDist=10000000.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini controls the level of detail on trees in the near distance. As the value is lowered, nearby trees will lose some leaves and branches, while raising the value adds more foliage to trees. The performance impact will vary by system.

bRenderSkinnedTrees=1 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini determines the amount of foliage on nearby trees. If set to 0, trees will lose a portion of their leaves and branches, though they will still be relatively detailed. This can improve performance but reduces realism. Note that the uiMaxSkinnedTreesToRender variable also in SkyrimPrefs. ini determines the maximum possible detailed trees, but raising the value does not have a major impact and does not increase the actual tree count in most scenes.

General Level of Detail (LOD)

fLODFadeOutMultObjects=15.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini controls the distance at which objects appear in the game world, and corresponds with the Object Fade in-game setting. The normal maximum allowable by the in-game slider is 15, however here you can raise the value even higher to increase object distances.

fLODFadeOutMultItems=15.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini controls the distance at which items appear in the game world, and corresponds with the Item Fade in-game setting. The normal maximum allowable by the in-game slider is 15, however here you can raise the value even higher to increase the distance at which items can be seen.

fLODFadeOutMultActors=15.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini controls the distance at which characters and creatures appear in the game world, and corresponds with the Actor Fade in-game setting. The normal maximum allowable by the in-game slider is 15, however here you can raise the value even higher to increase actor view distances.

The variables above in SkyrimPrefs. ini control the level of detail of distant terrain, and correspond in part to the Distant Object Detail in-game setting. The maximum values possible in-game are shown above, however you can raise them even further if you wish. As the three fBlock variables are raised, this will provide subtle improvements in the details on very distant terrain, such as mountain tops. The fSplitDistanceMult variable appears to determine the rate at which the LOD transitions occur. As its value is raised, there will be greater detail in the terrain which is slightly closer to the viewer. In any case changing these variables only impacts on more distant terrain, so in many scenes the visible impact will be minimal or not visible at all.

fSkyCellRefFadeDistance=150000.0000 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini effectively controls the distance at which clouds are seen, particularly around mountain tops. As the value is raised, more distant mountains gain clouds around them. Lowering this variable will remove clouds from around mountains, up to and including all of them if set to 0. Altering distant clouds should have a mild performance impact.

.ini Tweaks, Part 4.

General Graphics.

bDisableAllGore=1 - If this variable is added to the bottom of the [General] section of Skyrim. ini and set to 1, it will disable gore-related aspects of the game, most notably the blood spurting out of wounds.

The variable and section above must both be added to the bottom of the Skyrim. ini file and set to 0 if you wish to disable blood splatters appearing on the screen. This does not disable blood spurts which occur when you hit an enemy or are hit; it only disables the red splatter effect which is superimposed on the screen to simulate blood getting in your eyes.

The variable and section above must both be added to the bottom of the Skyrim. ini file and set to 0 if you wish to completely disable the radial blur effect, as described in the Radial Blur in-game setting section earlier in this guide. This may improve performance during combat, but the main reason to disable radial blur is if you simply don't like the effect.

The variable and section above must both be added to the bottom of the Skyrim. ini file and set to 0 if you wish to disable precipitation-based weather effects, which basically means removing snowfall and rainfall. This will reduce realism, but can noticeably improve performance when such weather is in effect.

iMaxDesired=750 - This variable in SkyrimPrefs. ini controls the maximum particle count for particle effects like smog, fog and especially fire and spells. Experimentation revealed only minor changes in most smoke and fog effects, but a very noticeable change in fire (e. g. from torches) and spell effect density. For example, as this variable is raised, the Flames spell shoots increasingly larger amounts of flame from your hand; while at a value of 0, all flame from the spell is removed from view. The screenshot comparison below shows the difference between a value of 0 and a value of 950 for this variable, and the fire on the torch as well as the output of the Flame spell are both clearly affected. Changing this setting may have a notable performance impact around such effects, depending on your system.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between iMaxDesired 0 and 950.

The variables above in SkyrimPrefs. ini determine the resolution of reflections cast in water. Raising them (e. g. to =1024 each) will subtly improve the detail of any reflections in the water, while lowering them (e. g. to =256 each) will reduce those details. The screenshot comparison shows the difference between 512 and 1024 resolutions, and the reflections are slightly clearer as a result of the higher resolution. This is particularly noticeable on the far right of the shot. The image quality and performance impact is variable based on your system, how much you have selected to reflect in the water in the in-game settings, your Anisotropic Filtering settings, and of course the proximity and size of bodies of water.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between the two settings.

bAllowScreenShot=1 - If this variable is set to 1 in Skyrim. ini, which it is by default, you can take a screenshot in the game at any time by pressing the PRINT SCREEN (PrtScn) key. Screenshots are stored in BMP format in your \Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\skyrim directory.

These. ini tweaks above cover the bulk of the most useful changes you can make to Skyrim. Numerous tweaks were tested and a large number of non-functional or insignificant ones were discarded. All of the tweaks above will work if implemented as shown. Importantly, implement them one at a time and test to see the impact it has on your particular system. Do not simply copy and paste large numbers of tweaks into your. ini file from here or anywhere else.

In the next section we look at other ways of altering Skyrim's gameplay and graphics.

Console Commands.

Unlike the. ini files which are read and implemented at startup by the game engine, the command console is a place where you can dynamically alter aspects of the engine while it is running and see the changes immediately. The main use for console commands is to alter gameplay or interface parameters rather than to do any image quality or performance tweaking. Please note that using these commands does not prevent you from receiving Steam achievements, though some of them are cheats and may spoil your enjoyment of the game. Furthermore, Bethesda advises that console commands can potentially break quests, dungeons and saved games by leaving the world in an "invalid state," and that the use of commands may result in saved games becoming incompatible with future patches.

To access the console in Skyrim, start the game and then press the tilde.

key, found above TAB, to the left of the 1 key, and/or below the ESC key on most keyboards. This will open the console prompt near the bottom of the screen. The game will pause while the console is open. You can use.

to close and reopen the console again at any time.

To execute a command, simply type it at the prompt along with appropriate value(s) if required, then press Enter. You will get confirmation of a successful command. A command typically has a short and a long form, and using either is fine. For example, you can type either ToggleCollision or TCL to turn object collision on or off. If a value is required, type the command, followed by a single space, then the value. For example, to change your field of view to 90 degrees, type the following in the console and press Enter: FOV 90 and you should see the impact immediately. Type FOV again with no value and it will reset to its default.

Some console commands require that you specify a target. To do this, first open the console, then left-click on the relevant character or object and you will see a code appear in the center of the screen. You may wish to note this code somewhere, but in most cases it is simply used as a confirmation that you have selected something. Now you can execute a relevant command and it will affect the selected object or character.

There are numerous console commands possible in Skyrim, however the bulk of them are designed for developer debugging and testing purposes. A shorter list of the most useful console commands is covered in more detail below:

FOV <degrees> - This command allows you to alter your Field of View (FOV), which is how many degrees of the game world you can see at once on your screen. Enter a value in degrees for the command and it will take effect immediately. Type FOV by itself to return to the default field of view. Once you have settled on a satisfactory FOV value, to permanently alter the Field of View in the game, see the relevant variables that must be implemented in the. ini tweaking section of this guide.

Showracemenu - This command will open the character creation menu which was used when first creating your character at the start of the game. This allows you to alter your existing character's race, gender, and appearance. Changes to your appearance are fine, but changes to race may cause glitches, so save your game before using this command just to be safe.

Set Timescale to <Rate> - This command will change the rate at which time passes in the game world. The default is 16, and you can speed up time by raising it, or assign a lower rate to slow down the passage of time. For example, try using Set Timescale to 5000 to implement a time-lapse effect.

Disable <target> - If you want to remove an object from the game world, select it then enter the Disable command and it will disappear. You can use the Enable command to make the last object you disabled reappear again.

Kill <target> - To kill any character or creature, select it and then type this command and it will instantly be killed. To kill multiple characters/creatures who are nearby at once, use the Killall command. To bring any dead character back to life, select it and use the Resurrect command . This is also useful if your NPC companion is accidentally killed by friendly fire, for example.

Stopcombat <target> - When used against a specified character you are fighting, this command will make them immediately stop combat and put away their weapon. This is useful if you've accidentally hit a friendly character and they don't accept the usual yield gesture.

TAI - This command toggles the advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the game on or off. When switched off, characters and creatures will either do nothing or perform their last action repeatedly. If a character or creature becomes aggressive towards you, they will still attack you, in which case you need to use the TCAI command to toggle combat AI on or off accordingly. A combination of TAI and TCAI will essentially disable most characters and creatures, but note that using TAI can result in some odd control and gameplay quirks and is not fully effective at disabling AI. If you just want to avoid being seen by characters or creatures, you can use the TDetect command instead to toggle detection on or off.

TCL - This command will toggle the collision system. When collision is turned off, your character can fly around the game world and go through any solid objects. This command is of greatest use if you become stuck in the landscape and want to quickly dislodge yourself.

TFC - This command will toggle the fly camera. It is similar to the TCL command, however fly cam moves much faster, and your character will also not move from their actual location. This is most useful for quickly examining the surrounding area for example.

TG - This command will toggle all grass on or off, which allows you to temporarily disable grass in areas where you are experiencing a slowdown for example. It can be a better alternative to permanently removing all grass from the game.

TGM - This command allows you to toggle God Mode on or off. When God Mode is enabled, you cannot be hurt or killed. Your health, magicka and stamina bars will not deplete any further. Alternatively, you can use the TIM command to toggle Immortality Mode, which will allow you to play as normal, and your health, stamina and magicka bars will drop, but you cannot be killed; your health bar will always stay just above the minimum.

FW <code> - This command will force the weather in the game world to that which you specify using this list of Weather ID Numbers. For example, the command FW 10a241 will force a storm to appear.

Unlock <target> - You must first target a particular door or chest, and then by using this command you can automatically unlock it. To lock any door or chest again, target it and use the Lock command.

Movetoqt <code> - This command will move you to the relevant target of any particular quest, allowing you to complete that quest faster. See this list of Quest IDs and enter the relevant code for this command.

PSB - This command will instantly add all spells, shouts and words to your spell book.

Player. AddItem <code> <quantity> - This command will add the specified item to your inventory in the quantity you enter. You will need to use these lists of Item Codes or Item Codes by Category. For Gold simply use the code F, and for Lockpicks use the code A. For example, to add 10,000 gold to your inventory, type Player. AddItem F 10000 . To add 5 steel maces to your inventory, type Player. AddItem 00013988 5 and so on. There will be text messages confirming additions to your inventory.

Player. Placeatme <code> - This command will summon any character from Skyrim in front of you. You will need to use this NPC ID List to determine which code to use. You will also need to close the console before the summoned NPC actually appears.

COC <location> - This command will teleport you to the location specified. You can either use a location code, or the location name, using this Location List. For example, the command COC Riverwood will teleport you to the village of Riverwood near where you started the game.

QQQ - This command will fast quit the game straight to the Windows Desktop, bypassing the prompts which appear when using the normal Quit option.

Changes through console commands will not remain in effect if you quit and restart the game. Some changes will remain in effect if you save your game or if the game is auto-saved. For this reason it is recommended that you create a manual save point before experimenting with console commands. If after experimentation you settle on any commands you wish to use every time you play, you can do this automatically with a batch files.

Create a new text file and give it any name you wish, e. g. commands. txt . Edit the file and enter each console command on a separate line. Below is an example of the contents of such a batch file:

Set Timescale to 1.

Save the text file and move it to your \Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\skyrim directory. Start Skyrim, load up a saved game, and to execute the contents of your batch file open the console and type Bat <filename> . In this example, we would type Bat commands to automatically execute the three console commands in the commands. txt file.

Mods & Graphics Driver Settings.

Bethesda Game Studios' role-playing titles are renowned for their ability to be modded, and Skyrim is no different. The Creation Kit, a free software development kit (SDK) that allows players to modify almost every aspect of the game, has now been released and is available for download under the Tools section of your Steam library. It allows the creation of a variety of mods including brand new quests, radically different gameplay elements and a whole lot more, which will keep the game alive and kicking for many years to come. Furthermore, Bethesda has integrated Skyrim with the Steam Workshop, allowing players to download and install user-made mods directly to their computer in a safe, easy, and efficient manner/.

This section aims primarily to make you aware of mods, and not as any listing of recommended or necessary modifications. In fact no mod is necessary at all; the game as it stands is already excellent, so if you don't feel comfortable using mods, then you shouldn't feel it to be essential. Indeed, since they are all unofficial and user-made, mods also carry the risk of imposing unexpected bugs or performance issues. On the other hand, judicious usage of a few mods can help you get Skyrim looking and feeling more to your liking.

A key official modification for Skyrim which is highly recommended is the free High Resolution Texture Pack released in February. This 3.1GB pack improves the resolution of textures throughout the Skyrim game world, however be aware that it may reduce performance and increase loading times. It is best used on systems with a quad-core CPU, 4GB or more of RAM, and at least 1GB of Video Memory.

Aside from the Steam Workshop, another good location for Skyrim mods is Skyrim Nexus, with a wide range of free mods available for download. Browse through the ever-growing list there, and be sure to read the details and user feedback on the mods which interest you before installing anything. Some popular mods that you can try include:

One general mod worth singling out is the FXAA Post-Process Injector. This mod is not unique to Skyrim, and it allows you to add a range of subtle or not-so-subtle effects to the game, including adjustment of bloom effects, sharpening and color grading. This gives you finer control over the general atmosphere and tone of the Skyrim game world.

Another mod which works in a similar manner to the FXAA Post-Process Injector is the SMAA Injector, which adds a form of post-process line smoothing known as Subpixel Morphological Antialiasing (SMAA). This type of AA can reduce jaggedness throughout the scene without the blurring which accompanies FXAA, and without the performance hit of MSAA.

If existing Skyrim mods don't catch your fancy, be prepared to see literally hundreds of new mods popping up on almost a daily basis. Once again though, modding Skyrim is an option and not a necessity, and if you run into problems with Skyrim, begin your troubleshooting by disabling all your mods first.

Graphics Driver Settings.

There is one more method which allows us to further adjust the graphics fidelity in Skyrim: the graphics card driver settings as controlled through the graphics card's control panel. Various settings and effects, not supported by default by Skyrim, can be forcibly enabled through this control panel, and these are covered in this section. First make sure you have updated to the latest available graphics drivers as covered at the start of this guide.

Improved Anisotropic Filtering.

Anisotropic Filtering is covered under the relevant section earlier in this guide. It can be implemented up to 16 Samples (16x) using the Advanced Options in Skyrim's Launcher. However for those who want the very best Anisotropic Filtering quality, there is a better alternative: disable the in-game Anisotropic Filtering setting, and instead apply AF through your graphics card's control panel.

For NVIDIA users, follow these steps:

Open the NVIDIA Control Panel, and under the 'Program Settings' tab select 'Elder Scrolls 5: Skyrim' in the first box. If you can't see it in the list, uncheck the 'Show only programs found. ' box then try again. Set the 'Texture Filtering - Quality' option to 'High Quality'. For the 'Anisotropic Filtering' setting select your level of AF; 16x is recommended. Click the Apply button. Launch Skyrim and click Options, then set the Anisotropic Filtering option to Off there and click OK.

Now start Skyrim as usual, and you should notice much sharper textures, particularly in the distance.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between the default Anisotropic Filtering and NVIDIA's High Quality Anisotropic Filtering.

The screenshot comparison above shows the difference between the in-game 16 Sample AF setting in Skyrim vs. forced 16x AF in the NVIDIA Control Panel. The water surface is much more detailed, and distant objects such as the mountains and the stone building on the top left are more defined when using the Control Panel method. The performance difference between these methods should be minimal at best.

Transparency Antialiasing.

Similar to Anisotropic Filtering above, it is also possible to force different types and levels of Antialiasing on Skyrim through the graphics control panel. Let's look at Transparency Antialiasing (TRAA), which is an option not available within Skyrim. This form of Antialiasing smooths out jagged lines on transparent textures, typically affecting foliage and objects with bright edges or see-through portions.

For NVIDIA users, follow these steps:

Open the NVIDIA Control Panel, and under the 'Program Settings' tab select 'Elder Scrolls 5: Skyrim' in the first box. If you can't see it in the list, uncheck the 'Show only programs found. ' box then try again. Set the 'Antialiasing - Transparency' option to 2x, 4x or 8x Supersample; Multisampling Transparency Antialiasing currently causes glitches as discussed further below. Click the Apply button. Launch Skyrim and click Options, then make sure the Antialiasing option is set to any level other than Off there and click OK.

Multisampling TRAA should not be used in Skyrim, because this causes a glitch whereby some portions of solid objects, such as other characters or creatures, become see-through. The main options are various levels of Supersampling TRAA.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference the least and most demanding, tweaked anti-aliasing options, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

The screenshots above compare normal 8 Sample AA in Skyrim with no Transparency Antialiasing, then with the addition of Multisampling TRAA, and then 2x, 4x and 8x Supersample TRAA as forced in the NVIDIA Control Panel. As you can see, progressively higher levels of Transparency Antialiasing smooth out the jagged portions of the shrub to the left, and the trees to the right, and this is much more obvious in-game where jagged foliage will shimmer slightly without any TRAA. The performance impact of Multisampling is not major on most medium-level systems, and 2x TRAA is acceptable on high-end machines. However 4x and 8x Supersample TRAA will really tax performance, especially at higher levels of in-game MSAA and at Ultra settings.

Ambient Occlusion.

Ambient Occlusion (AO) is a technique used to create more realistic shadowing from ambient lighting, and is described in more detail in this guide. There is no in-game option to allow AO in Skyrim, but once again it can be forced on by NVIDIA users in the graphics driver settings. Note that if you experience shimmering, artifacting or other graphical oddities when enabling AO, either disable it, or consider using the Quality mode which can reduce these issues.

Gamers with NVIDIA graphics cards and R290 drivers can readily enable Ambient Occlusion via the NVIDIA Control Panel:

Open the NVIDIA Control Panel, and under the 'Program Settings' tab select 'Elder Scrolls 5: Skyrim' in the first box. If you can't see it in the list, untick the 'Show only programs found. ' box then try again. Set the 'Ambient Occlusion' option to Performance or Quality - see the screenshots further below for a comparison. Click the Apply button. Launch Skyrim.

For greater control over the level of Ambient Occlusion, you can use the free NVIDIA Inspector utility which allows us to alter the NVIDIA driver profile for Skyrim.

For NVIDIA users, follow these steps:

Launch NVIDIA Inspector and click the small 'Profile Settings' button at the end of the 'Driver Version' خط. Click the Profiles drop-down box and select 'Elder Scrolls 5: Skyrim'. Edit the 'Ambient Occlusion compatibility' setting and select the '0x00000003 (Fallout 3)' profile. Under the Common section, set the 'Ambient Occlusion usage' to Enabled. Set 'Ambient Occlusion setting' to your preferred AO mode; Performance is recommended. Click the 'Apply changes' button at the top right. Launch Skyrim as normal to see the changes.

Click here for an interactive comparison showing the difference between Off and High Quality, here for further examples of Ambient Occlusion in Skyrim, and here for an animated comparison showing each setting.

Using this method, Ambient Occlusion can be forced in Performance, Quality and High Quality modes. The visual difference is demonstrated in the screenshots above, and as you can see, the change from no AO to using Performance AO is substantial. The grass, trees, rocks and character all get rich additional shadowing, with a relatively mild performance impact. Quality and High Quality refine the shadows slightly in turn, but come at a very hefty performance cost, and hence are generally not recommended over Performance mode.

If you wish to undo any of the changes you've made to your graphics driver profile using NVIDIA Inspector, click the green NVIDIA logo at the top of the utility and it will restore the profile to its defaults. Similarly, in the NVIDIA Control Panel, click the Restore button at the top right of the Elder Scrolls 5: Skyrim profile to do the same thing.

استنتاج.

Skyrim provides a deep and involving game world for those willing to invest the time to immerse themselves in exploring its many secrets and quests. Avoid the temptation to rush through the game, and enjoy a rare open-world treat in these days of short, tightly-scripted gameplay.

In terms of overall performance, Skyrim requires both a good GPU and CPU for a consistent framerate when using high-end settings. At times Skyrim can be quite CPU-limited, so in some areas you will experience unavoidable slowdowns, particularly on low-end CPUs. However as of the 1.4 patch onwards, performance in CPU-limited areas has been significantly improved. On the flip side, the benefit of this CPU limitation for those who have powerful GPUs is that you can increase the visuals quite a bit without a major loss in FPS. However, certain new graphical aspects of the Creation Engine that powers Skyrim are very performance-intensive, such as the Shadow Detail setting. Shadows, along with Antialiasing, are the first two settings you should consider lowering on struggling systems. The rest is primarily a matter of personal taste, and of course for those willing to experiment, advanced tweaking allows you more precise control over the tradeoffs you wish to implement to get a better balance between performance and image quality.

If after reading our guides you're still having difficulties with the game, or need gameplay or quest tips, or just want to know more about upcoming patches and DLC for Skyrim, check the Official Skyrim Forums.

Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim: PC Performance, Benchmarked.

Page 1: Can Your PC Handle The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim?

Page 2: Image Quality And Settings.

Page 3: Test System And Benchmarks.

Page 4: Medium Detail, No Anti-Aliasing.

Page 5: High Detail, FXAA Enabled.

Page 6: Ultra Detail, 4x MSAA Enabled.

Page 7: Ultra Detail, 4x MSAA Plus FXAA.

Page 8: Ultra Detail, 4x MSAA Plus Transparent/Adaptive AA.

Page 9: CPU Benchmarks.

Page 10: Skyrim Scales Well On Slower Systems.

High Detail, FXAA Enabled.

Visual fidelity improves a lot with high details selected and FXAA applied to smooth out aliasing artifacts. Of course, at this setting, the game asks a lot more from graphics hardware, too.

At 1080p, a Radeon HD 5770 or GeForce GTX 550 Ti is required to handle high details with FXAA enabled. At 1680x1050, the GeForce GT 240 GDDR5 is just capable of delivering a 31 FPS minimum. However, the other low-end cards struggle.

Looks like I'm both CPU and GPU limited with Phenom x4 and ATI 4870.

Looks like I'm both CPU and GPU limited with Phenom x4 and ATI 4870.

Well with a Athlon II x3 450 and an AMD 4850 512mb GPU w/6 gb's of DDR2 it seems to work fine. The game has picked "Ultra" settings when launching the game the first time. I haven't seen all of the settings that the game has selected, but the game looks pretty good and is running quite well. I haven't run any FRAPS on it, but it seems to be about 30-40 FPS, from what I can tell, which is good enough for me.

Looks like I'm both CPU and GPU limited with Phenom x4 and ATI 4870.

Looks like I'm both CPU and GPU limited with Phenom x4 and ATI 4870.

Well with a Athlon II x3 450 and an AMD 4850 512mb GPU w/6 gb's of DDR2 it seems to work fine. The game has picked "Ultra" settings when launching the game the first time. I haven't seen all of the settings that the game has selected, but the game looks pretty good and is running quite well. I haven't run any FRAPS on it, but it seems to be about 30-40 FPS, from what I can tell, which is good enough for me.

But even if this game doesn't quite push the top cards, you gotta commend them for the great scaling! Some of the worst console ports doesn't even HAVE graphics settings, in other games the settings make little difference in the hardware needed, and based on these screenshots (if rather small, larger ones please!) the game looks almost as good if you turn the settings down some.

I bet you that CPU is plenty to push something like a 4850 with reasonable resolution and quality. I mean my old Core 2 Duo with a 2600XT managed to hack Fallout 3 fairly well at appropriate resolutions and quality settings.

I can do without AA but I'd like the action to stay smooth even (and especially) when crowded by opponents.

What Is FXAA, And Why Has It Made Anti-Aliasing As We Know It Obsolete?

Fast Approximate Anti-Aliasing may not be known by its name to many gamers, but they certainly do recognise its good looks, being used in such visually luxurious games as The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim , Batman: Arkham City and Battlefield 3 .

But what is it, really? It's an improvement above three earlier iterations of anti-aliasing, rendering high-performance visuals faster and more completely. Here to explain is Jeff Atwood, who writes about programming for Coding Horror.

Anti-aliasing has an intimidating name, but what it does for our computer displays is rather fundamental. Think of it this way -- a line has infinite resolution, but our digital displays do not. So when we "snap" a line to the pixel grid on our display, we can compensate by imagineering partial pixels along the line, pretending we have a much higher resolution display than we actually do. Like so:

Anti-aliasing produces a superior image by using grey pixels to simulate partial pixels along the edges of a line. It is a hack, but as hacks go, it's pretty darn effective. Of course, the proper solution to this problem is to have extremely high resolution displays in the first place. But other than tiny handheld devices, I wouldn't hold your breath for that to happen any time soon.

This also applies to much more complex 3D graphics scenes. Perhaps even more so, as adding motion amplifies the aliasing effects of all those crawling lines that make up the edges of the scene.

But anti-aliasing, particularly at 30 or 60 frames per second in a complex state of the art game, with millions of polygons and effects active, is not cheap. Per my answer here, you can generally expect a performance cost of at least 25 per cent for proper 4x anti-aliasing. And that is for the most optimised version of anti-aliasing we've been able to come up with:

1. Super-Sampled Anti-Aliasing (SSAA) . The oldest trick in the book -- I list it as universal because you can use it pretty much anywhere: forward or deferred rendering, it also anti-aliases alpha cutouts, and it gives you better texture sampling at high anisotropy too. Basically, you render the image at a higher resolution and down-sample with a filter when done. Sharp edges become anti-aliased as they are down-sized. Of course, there's a reason why people don't use SSAA: it costs a fortune. Whatever your fill-rate bill, it's 4x for even minimal SSAA.

2. Multi-Sampled Anti-Aliasing (MSAA) . This is what you typically have in hardware on a modern graphics card. The graphics card renders to a surface that is larger than the final image, but in shading each "cluster" of samples (that will end up in a single pixel on the final screen) the pixel shader is run only once. We save a tonne of fill rate, but we still burn memory bandwidth. This technique does not anti-alias any effects coming out of the shader, because the shader runs at 1x, so alpha cutouts are jagged. This is the most common way to run a forward-rendering game. MSAA does not work for a deferred renderer because lighting decisions are made after the MSAA is "resolved" (down-sized) to its final image size.

3. Coverage Sample Anti-Aliasing (CSAA) . A further optimisation on MSAA from NVIDIA [ed: ATI has an equivalent]. Besides running the shader at 1x and the framebuffer at 4x, the GPU's rasteriser is run at 16x. So while the depth buffer produces better anti-aliasing, the intermediate shades of blending produced are even better.

Pretty much all "modern" anti-aliasing is some variant of the MSAA hack, and even that costs a quarter of your framerate. That's prohibitively expensive, unless you have so much performance you don't even care, which will rarely be true for any recent game. While the crawling lines of aliasing do bother me, I don't feel anti-aliasing alone is worth giving up a quarter of my framerate and/or turning down other details to pay for it.

But that was before I learned that there are some emerging alternatives to MSAA. And then, much to my surprise, these alternatives started showing up as actual graphics options in this season's PC games -- Battlefield 3, Skyrim, Batman: Arkham City , and so on. What is this FXAA thing, and how does it work? Let's see it in action:

FXAA stands for Fast Approximate Anti-Aliasing, and it's an even more clever hack than MSAA, because it ignores polygons and line edges, and simply analyses the pixels on the screen. It is a pixel shader program documented in this PDF that runs every frame in a scant millisecond or two. Where it sees pixels that create an artificial edge, it smooths them. It is, in the words of the author, "the simplest and easiest thing to integrate and use".

FXAA has two major advantages:

1. FXAA smooths edges in all pixels on the screen, including those inside alpha-blended textures and those resulting from pixel shader effects, which were previously immune to the effects of MSAA without oddball workarounds.

2. It's fast. Very, very fast. Version 3 of the FXAA algorithm takes about 1.3ms per frame on a $US100 video card. Earlier versions were found to be double the speed of 4x MSAA, so you're looking at a modest 12 or 13 per cent cost in framerate to enable FXAA -- and in return you get a considerable reduction in aliasing.

The only downside, and it is minor, is that you may see a bit of unwanted edge "reduction" inside textures or in other places. I'm not sure if it's fair to call this a downside, but FXAA can't directly be applied to older games; games have to be specifically coded to call the FXAA pixel shader before they draw the game's user interface, otherwise it will happily smooth the edges of on-screen HUD elements, too.

The FXAA method is so good, in fact, it makes all other forms of full-screen anti-aliasing pretty much obsolete overnight. If you have an FXAA option in your game, you should enable it immediately and ignore any other AA options.

FXAA is an excellent example of the power of simple hacks and heuristics. But it's also a great demonstration of how attacking programming problems from a different angle -- that is, rather than thinking of the screen as a collection of polygons and lines, think of it as a collection of pixels -- can enable you to solve computationally difficult problems faster and arguably better than anyone thought possible.

Jeff Atwood has a programming background going back to the 1980s. He was most recently a programmer for Vertigo Software, and now devotes himself full time to his blog, Coding Horror and the site stackoverflow. He lives in Berkeley, California. Republished with permission.

WATCH MORE: PC Gaming News.

The fxaa image is a bit blurry compared to the Sharp 2 on the left.

Most gamers seem to dislike FXAA and much prefer MSAA.

"I seem to dislike FXAA and much prefer MSAA."

My apologies for the necro, but speak for yourself.

He's not wrong. And who made you King of Gamers? i sure as hell didn't vote you into office.

I think its only you who prefer msaa. Fxaa is used by the most. But i guess each to his own. Although in some games i heard it makes objects blurry.

Im joining this chat late but, fxaa is inferior. I never use it. I use supersampling 24x with edge detect. its very taxing on my system but my rig can handle it on most games, especially now that mantle is becoming more popular. With my MSAA settings it makes a crisp clear image. no jagged lines, no fxaa blurr. and i would agree with anon2. Ive discussed it in forums and the general consensus among most pc gamers is msaa. fxaa is generally a good option for those whose systems cant handle full on MSAA and supersampling.

Actually FXAA is the lowest tier of Antialiasing for Quality and isnt even the best performing.

SGSSAA wins in quality and SMAA wins in Speed.

And TXAA is not far behind.

And if you don't know what any of these stand for.. please pour coffee into your PSU.

I have found that the FXAA implementation in Skyrim makes everything just a little too blurry for my tastes, I usually just stick with 2-4x normal AA.

If the texture blurring problem can be solved though (maybe using a z-depth image so you can tell where the actual polygon and alpha edges are, and disregard all others), this is good news, and hopefully will mean we will start to see some AA used in console games as well as PC.

متفق عليه. I ended up uninstalling it myself.

I find it interesting that there's no mention at all about MLAA, which had a fantastic debut in God of War 3 and worked really well.

FXAA blurs out textures as well as polygon edges. I don't really like that.

FXAA isn't the best at all it makes things too blurry but on the plus side it doesn't seem to as hardware hungry as regular AA.

I hated it in skyrim, didn't realise it was enabled first time I played it. Needless to say I got quite a surprise when everything became sharper and clearer upon turning it off and bumping up normal AA.

Im more interested in full scene V-sync @ 60fps+ at High Detail! (on console, before someone says, get a PC then, hahaha)

Interesting that the 3 examples of games are all console focused games. While I understand that graphics is not all important in games (I mean, I love minecraft. ) but it is sad that an industry has decided it is easier to just start to aiming lower. Do I expect an article in the next few years about how I shouldn't mind lack of story in games as long as it has an immersive multiplayer.

I turn on AA cause prettier is nicer, but I don't get many peoples fear of jaggies.

I don't see a performance hit with any type of AA.

May as well just play on a CRT and let that provide your "anti-aliasing".

To me FXAA is like smearing the lens with Vaseline to hide an actor's dodgy complexion.

yeah not a fan of FXAA, makes everything way too blurry, in both Skyrim and BF3 at least.

Since nobody's making games that can bring a high-end SLI rig to its knees unless the resolution is insanely high, I'm not seeing how this would have much if any effect on the midrange-up of PC graphics cards.

I don't know what else to call it, but the FXAA 'haters' are seeing a placebo effect of unwanted blurriness that technically isn't bad. FXAA basically finds jagged edges and smoothes them. It is a much improved algorithm compared to MSAA. SSAA will always be the best, but is too expensive performance-wise and with most video drivers you cannot select it without a third party utility (like nvidia inspector).

FXAA smooths the rough edges on everything including alpha textures. It makes MSAA+MSTAA (transparency multisample) obsolete. It is cheaper performance wise. It is especially cheaper than SSTAA (transparency super sampling). In fact, if you use 8xSSTAA, your screen will appear 'blurred' similar to FXAA (if there are many alpha textures). Gamers with the rigs to do this consider this a good thing. That perceived extra sharpness without FXAA is jaggies in alpha textures. If you like it, I dont't know why. I prefer the smooth grass and foliage, but if you like the pixelated stuff go nuts.

HardOCP did a test and verified it. 3D game devs are aware of it. We gamers often have a humanesque herd-minded mentality. Somebody says "it blurs the screen" and we see it and believe it. The blurring is good, no detail or texture resolution is lost. HardOCP says if you can handle it to enable your preferred level of AA, 8xSSTAA, and FXAA for the least amount of jaggies and aliasing with best picture quality. I say if you play Skyrim with just like 4xAA, turn off AA and enable FXAA. The level of jaggies smoothed is the same and all alph textures are smoothed too. It also has less of a performance hit so if you got less than 60fps average, you will notice a boost.

It's not a matter of opinion. It's the truth. Truth is not determined by majority opinion. The fact is people see what they what they want and hate change. So they stick with good old' AA and think the smooth alphas are somehow less detailed. I guess if you prefer jaggies, that's up to you. I thought AA was all about smoothing out the rough edges. FXAA does a great job of this on its own with little impact in performance. Compare sreenshots, do your own research, come to your own conclusion. Majority gamer concensus is generally determined by a few elitist aspergers pricks who have no idea what they are talking about. Don't follow the herd, try it yourself and compare. Don't just load it for two seconds and decide. Your eyes can deceive you.

Ryan-o. I've done screenshot tests and so have many other people placed their opinion on personal experience. Do a AA vs. FXAA comparision and you will see the texture quality has decreased, as in with the FXAA blurriness usual complainment. It is a fact it causes bluriness, and most people do not like deteriorating texture quality.

FXAA not only affects the edges or jaggies, but the texture in the middle of the model with a blurring effect.

I love how you talk about "fact" (even though it's personal opinion still), and then go on to make a broad claim about the kind of people who say otherwise, insulting them. Sounds a lot like you've been proven wrong one too many times by these "elitist aspergers pricks" and now you have some sort of vendetta against them haha.

But anyways, back on subject. FXAA is crap. Yes, it is good in concept, but the execution fell short. It clearly blurs the image, and it in no way guarantees that it will catch all the jaggies. As the system is just trying to guess based on basically a photo. And even when it does, it's still working with a limited amount of color information to anti-alias with. In real life, you would have additional color information from a higher resolution that would be combined to determine that edge color and shape. This is just a very rough guess and blur of the low res image.

But fear not, your boner for FXAA type algorithms is not dead. There is a slightly newer type called SMAA, made by a couple guys from Crytek and a friend. It does what FXAA does, but without the screen blurring, and better. And the full implementation of it is able to do so much more than ANY AA algorithm, even super sampling, because it does temporal sampling. And the performance hit is around the same as FXAA, negligible.

Watch the video on this page to learn more about it. Hopefully developers start picking it up soon. There's an injector for it, like there is FXAA, but it's a very limited version of SMAA.

Something's wrong in the second comparison (the one with three screenshots). Clearly the "No AA" image *does* have some AA going on (there *are* grey pixels at line edges), and "4x MSAA" is partially even worse than "No AA" (which shouldn't happen). The first comparison (the one with two screenshots) shows how it should look (minus JPEG artifacts).

Jeff, your game is broken.

FXAA is partially broken by design as well. For example, the "missing" beams to the right of the "No AA" screenshot in the first comparison cannot be reconstructed by any simple postprocessing. You need extra samples (or some other trick).

FXAA is not anti-aliasing. Its complete BS and doesn't get rid of 90% of the aliasing I see in games at 1440p, 2x MSAA does a much better job and it doesn't blur the shit out of the image. Your article title is stupid and I hate you.

so, the FXAA is like anti-aliasing or not?

It really boggles my mind how this article presents FXAA as 'the new big thing' for anti-aliasing technology, when really it's just a passable substitute for people who's computers can't handle the real thing.

Now don't get me wrong, I find that it's pretty useful as a performance boost in a handful of circumstances, even with a relatively high end notebook. But it doesn't do what real anti-aliasing can, actually simulating a higher resolution, so it will never really replace true AA.

I used FXAA in a game with deferred shading a few years back. One of the downsides of deferred is that multiple render targets for diffuse, normals, lights, etc. make some AA methods rather challenging. FXAA operates in screen space so it's a nice and easy post-process on the final composition. It fits neatly into the pipeline and still looks better than no AA at all. There are definitely better looking solutions, but FXAA is a lovely fix that is almost free in terms of per-frame shader budget and fits neatly into any post-process stack. Overall it's a great tool to have in your arsenal.

Honestly SMAA combined with 1x of supersampling is probably the best. Crysis 3 implemented it and it worked flawlessly. ZERO BLUR supersample transparency AA mixed with SMAA and removes sub-pixel Aliasing along with only giving a maximum of 5-8 FPS drop!! Its pure genius.

1x supersampling. Sorry but LOL.

1x supersampling = no AA at all. The minimum for supersampling to actually do anything is 2x - supersampling (SSAA) is quite literally doubling (2x) or quadrupling (4x) the resolution of a game then downscaling it to your display resolution. Having said this, "1x SSAA" would be rendering at the same resolution of your monitor. and displaying it at the same resolution. Hence no AA.

اشترك في النقاش!

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